Issues in Policing MCQs with correct Answers (FREE)

1: Officer Kearns used pepper spray on an offender. What type of force does that constitute?

A. Physical

B. Electronic

C. Firearm

D. Chemical

2: The Supreme Court has a clear stance on when, where, and how offenders should be identified and apprehended by the criminal justice system.

A. True

B. False

3: Warrants are required in all cases.

A. True

B. False

4: According to data, ______are more likely to be involved in use-of-force incidents.

A. Hispanics

B. Whites

C. African Americans

D. Asian Americans

5: Issues of duty occur when an officer knows what is expected of her or him but is not inclined to perform a particular aspect of the job.

A. True

B. False

6: Today, corruption is more of an individual effort and reflects that the officers deviate from department rules and norms.

A. True

B. False

7: Which of the following cases asked whether the police are allowed to search the cell phone of an arrestee without a warrant?

A. Carroll v. United States

B. Mapp v. Ohio

C. Carpenter v. United States

D. Riley v. California

8: The legitimacy of the police is dependent on how officers deploy their power and authority.

A. True

B. False

9: In the ______ case, the Court considered whether the police could obtain cell phone data records, which includes the location and movement behaviors of individuals, without a warrant.

A. Mapp v. Ohio

B. Riley v. California

C. Carroll v. United States

D. Carpenter v. United States

10: Ethical dilemmas can occur in four different realms: discretion, duty, honesty, and corruption.

A. True

B. False

11: The _____ Amendment states that people cannot be forced into confession, and they have the right not to say anything to the police.

A. Fourth

B. Fifth

C. Sixth

D. Eighth

12: Federalism is a situation where _ and __ law come into conflict.

A. State; local

B. Federal; state

C. Federal; local

13: The U.S. Supreme Court typically hears cases on appeals that deal with an alleged violation of a constitutional right that is provided by the Bill of Rights, which are the ______

A. 10 amendments appearing throughout the U.S. Constitution

B. First 10 amendments of the U.S. Constitution

C. First 20 amendments of the U.S. Constitution

D. Last 10 amendments of the U.S. Constitution

14: The idea that police misconduct is typically committed by an immoral individual, and when that individual commits misconduct, it makes all police officers look bad, is referred to as ______.

A. Resource dependency theory

B. Rotten apple theory

C. Contingency theory

D. Systemic theory

15: The decisions of the ______ have had the broadest impact on police policies and procedures, for when they decide a case, it affects every police department in the United States.

A. Local municipal courts

B. State supreme court

C. Federal appellate courts

D. U.S. Supreme Court

16: ______ is the type of misconduct that includes using one’s position as a police officer for personal gain.

A. Police corruption

B. Police crimes

C. Abuse of authority

D. Occupational deviance

17: When police officers conduct a search incident to arrest, they may search any area they want to, no matter whether the area is incident to the arrest.

A. True

B. False

18: Probable cause must be presented before a jury in order for an officer to secure an arrest warrant or a search warrant.

A. True

B. False

19: Reasonable suspicion is considered to have a higher burden of proof than probable cause. (An officer must have more to go on with reasonable suspicion.)

A. True

B. False

20: The ______ Amendment protects against unreasonable searches and seizures.

A. Fourth

B. Fifth

C. Sixth

D. Eighth

21: In order for a plain-view search to be admissible, it is imperative that the police officer has a legal right to be wherever the contraband is located.

A. True

B. False

22: The thin blue line is an idea that police officers are reluctant to “rat out” or tell on another officer.

A. True

B. False

23: All of the following are considered exigent circumstances EXCEPT ______.

A. Escape and/or presenting danger to others

B. A suspect has been arrested

C. Hot pursuit

D. Evanescent evidence

24: The Miranda warning and the rights encapsulated within in it do not become necessary until a person is taken into custody.

A. True

B. False

A. True

B. False

26: Is probable Cause legal standard that means an officer believes an offense has been or is about to be committed. Can be established by officer observations or information that is received from others?

A. True

B. False

27: _____ is the process by which the criminal justice system is allowed access to your personal space and belongings to determine whether evidence of a criminal act is present.

A. Search

B. Feminist Pathways Approach

C. Property

D. None of these

28: _____ is defined as a legal document that allows an officer to complete a search of a person’s belongings.

A. Warrant

B. Emergency Doctrine

C. Plain view Doctrine

D. All of these

29: _____ is known as practice that allows the police to take items and admit them into evidence.

A. Seize

B. Department of Homeland Security

C. USA Freedom

D. None of these

30: Is exclusionary Rule established by the U.S. Supreme Court case Mapp v. Ohio (1961). It states that items obtained outside the context of a warrant cannot be used against someone in a court of law?

A. True

B. False

31: _____ is this doctrine states that any evidence obtained as a result of an illegal search is excluded and cannot be used against someone in a court of law.

A. Fruit of the Poisoned Tree

B. Accidental

C. Intentional

D. None of these

32: _____ is defined as if evidence is obtained without a warrant as a result of unintended error, then the evidence can still be used.

A. Good Faith Exception

B. Pillory

C. None of these

D. All of these

33: _____ is known as a type of search that occurs when the individual gives permission to conduct a search.

A. Consent Search

B. National Incident-Based Reporting System

C. Correctional officer in booking process

D. All of these

34: Is emergency Exception an exception to the warrant requirement that is invoked if police are concerned that waiting to secure a warrant could either jeopardize the safety of others or threaten the integrity of potential evidence?

A. True

B. False

35: _____ is legal doctrine that allows the police to search a vehicle without a warrant if they have probable cause to arrest the occupants of the vehicle and if they have probable cause that the car contains illegal items.

A. Carroll Doctrine

B. Five-member juries

C. Ten-member juries

D. All of these

36: _____ is defined as used to inform people who are under arrest that the Fifth Amendment provides protection against self-incrimination during an interrogation.

A. Miranda Warning

B. General Theory of Crime

C. The initial appearance

D. None of these

37: _____ is known as occurs when an officer is unsure about the right path of action, when following the right path is difficult, or when the wrong path becomes tempting to the officer.

A. Ethical Dilemma

B. JDLR

C. Criminal

D. All of these

38: Is issues of Duty ethical dilemmas where officers are faced with challenges based on how they view their role as police officers. An issue of duty also occurs when an officer knows what is expected of her or him but is not inclined to perform a particular aspect of the job?

A. True

B. False

39: _____ is an ethical dilemma that occurs when officers fail to make good ethical decisions and the results of their actions lead to personal gain.

A. Corruption

B. Quarrel with fellow inmates

C. Exploit other inmates

D. All of these

40: _____ is defined as lying to cover up wrongdoing.

A. Perjury

B. Opening statements

C. Jury instructions

D. All of these

41: _____ is known as a form of corruption that involves receiving free items in exchange for favorable treatment.

A. Mooching

B. Creating community partnerships to improve police–citizen relationships

C. Apprehending the problem offenders in the community who commit the most crimes

D. All of these

42: Is bribery involves the solicitation of something of value to influence the actions of another?

A. True

B. False

43: _____ is a form of corruption that involves taking items without paying for them.

A. Shakedowns

B. USA Freedom

C. Development, Relief, and Education for Alien Minors (DREAM)

D. None of these

44: _____ is defined as officers who are considered to be involved in corrupt activities in a passive sense.

A. Grass-Eaters

B. The prosecutor represents victims as well as the state.

C. The prosecutor does not face election, unlike judges.

D. None of these

45: _____ is known as officers who actively pursue corrupt activities that could result in significant and illegal gains.

A. Meat-Eaters

B. Undocumented Immigrant

C. August Peel

D. None of these

46: Is rotten Apple Theory suggests that the corruption of a select few individuals can, in turn, shed a negative light on a department?

A. True

B. False

47: _____ is occurs when the race or ethnicity of an individual is used as the sole or primary determinant by the police when making decisions.

A. Racial Profiling

B. New York Prison Association

C. National Congress on Penitentiary and Reformatory Discipline

D. None of these

48: _____ is defined as defined as the application of amount and/or frequency of force greater than required to compel compliance from a willing or unwilling subject.

A. Excessive Use of Force

B. Larceny-theft

C. Vandalism

D. None of these

49: _____ is known as involves the use of physical restraint techniques such as wrist locks, bodily force, and choke holds.

A. Physical Force

B. Personal property

C. Labor

D. None of these

50: Is chemical Force force that involves the use of restraining substances such as pepper spray or mace?

A. True

B. False

51: _____ is force that involves the use of electrical current to temporarily incapacitate an offender, such as with a Taser.

A. Electronic Force

B. A high fee

C. Both a and b

D. None of these

52: _____ is defined as Force that involves the use of batons, flashlights, and other implements to deliver force against an individual.

A. Impact Force

B. Northerners

C. Westerners

D. All of these

53: _____ is known as force that involves the pointing of or firing of a handgun.

A. Firearm Force

B. Incapacitation

C. Rehabilitation

D. All of these

54: _____ is known as searches conducted without a warrant for inventory purposes, when police take property into their possession for legal purposes.

A. Administrative Search

B. Monthly

C. Annually

D. All of these

55: Is citizen Review Boards official government boards, consisting of citizens outside of the police department, that conduct investigations, oversee police investigations, or serve as appellate bodies to outcomes of police misconduct allegations?

A. True

B. False

56: _____ is the practice of transferring job duties of police officers to nonsworn, civilian personnel.

A. Civilianization

B. Interrogate individuals

C. Describe vehicles

D. None of these

57: _____ is defined as legal searches con-ducted without a warrant, when an individual has waived his or her Fourth Amendment rights.

A. Consent Searches

B. Proximate cause

C. Failure to protect

D. All of these

58: _____ is known as a system by which trained police officers con-duct debriefings of officers involved in major incidents.

A. Critical-Incident Stress Debriefing

B. Arson

C. Larceny-theft

D. All of these

59: Is deadly Force the authority for police to use force that can cause death when their lives or the lives of other citizens are placed in immediate jeopardy?

A. True

B. False

60: _____ is a police officer’s ability to decide whether to apply the law or not

A. Discretion

B. Inmates do not give officers the level of respect they deserve.

C. Officer pay is substantially below that of police officers.

D. All of these

61: _____ is defined as grants and budgetary supplements police departments seek from external sources

A. External Funds

B. HALO Camera

C. CCTV

D. All of these

62: _____ is known as factors that cause stress in police officers that lie outside of their control.

A. External Stress

B. Deliberate indifference

C. Slave of the state

D. All of these

63: Is federalism the issues of shared powers between the national and state governments and how oversight of these powers is determined?

A. True

B. False

64: _____ is police misconduct committed in order to ensure justice is served on a criminal.

A. Broken Windows Theory

B. All of these

C. Preventing crime

D. Noble-Cause Corruption

65: _____ is defined as improper or illegal conduct carried out while performing one’s job.

A. Require the promulgation of ethical codes

B. All of these

C. Encourage judges to read ethical codes

D. Occupational Deviance

66: _____ is known as the stress associated with performing one’s regular job duties.

A. None of these

B. The socialization model

C. The deprivation model

D. Operational Stress

67: Is order Maintenance the maintenance of territorial control over a specific area or beat by police officers?

A. False

B. True

68: _____ is the stress caused by the organization, that is, the police department, for which an individual works.

A. None of these

B. Classical School

C. Rebel

D. Organizational Stress

69: _____ is defined as legal searches conducted without a warrant, when contraband is in plain view of the police.

A. Incapacitation

B. Plain-View Searches

C. None of these

D. Punishment (And Its Purposes)

70: _____ is known as the code by which many police officers are asked to live, upholding good values with strong ethics

A. All of these

B. Greatest

C. Police Code of Ethics

D. Greater

71: Is police Misconduct police behavior that is in violation of departmental policies and procedures, is a misuse of power and authority, or is a violation of the law?

A. False

B. True

72: _____ is the psychological and physical distress caused by witnessing or experiencing a major catastrophic event.

A. Hobbes

B. None of these

C. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

D. Jefferson

73: _____ is defined as the evidence that a reasonable person would believe to indicate criminal behavior.

A. All of these

B. Robberies

C. Disturbances

D. Probable Cause

74: _____ is known as the legal standard of proof by which a reasonable per-son would suspect that someone might be engaged in criminal behavior; leads to an investigative detention.

A. All of these

B. Noble cause corruption

C. Utilitarian justice

D. Reasonable Suspicion

75: Is searches Based on Exigent Circumstances legal searches conducted without a warrant, typically when evidence may be destroyed or a person faces imminent danger?

A. True

B. False

76: _____ is legal searches conducted without a warrant, after police officers have placed a person under arrest.

A. Searches Incident to Arrest

B. Assaults

C. Burglaries

D. None of these

77: _____ is defined as the exercise of command and control over a territory or beat by police officers.

A. Territorial Control

B. All of these

C. Community Problem-Solving Era

D. Cognitive

78: _____ is known as the authority for police to use force when necessary.

A. Prosecutor

B. None of these

C. Judge

D. Use of Force

79: Is use-of-Force Continuum the concept that, as force escalates, officers are authorized to use force that is just above the level of force being used against them?

A. True

B. False

Issues in Policing MCQs

Criminal Justice (U.S.) MCQs Topics

Issues in Policing MCQs

1: Officer Kearns used pepper spray on an offender. What type of force does that constitute?

2: The Supreme Court has a clear stance on when, where, and how offenders should be identified and apprehended by the criminal justice system.

3: Warrants are required in all cases.

4: According to data, ______are more likely to be involved in use-of-force incidents.

5: Issues of duty occur when an officer knows what is expected of her or him but is not inclined to perform a particular aspect of the job.

6: Today, corruption is more of an individual effort and reflects that the officers deviate from department rules and norms.

7: Which of the following cases asked whether the police are allowed to search the cell phone of an arrestee without a warrant?

8: The legitimacy of the police is dependent on how officers deploy their power and authority.

9: In the ______ case, the Court considered whether the police could obtain cell phone data records, which includes the location and movement behaviors of individuals, without a warrant.

10: Ethical dilemmas can occur in four different realms: discretion, duty, honesty, and corruption.

11: The _____ Amendment states that people cannot be forced into confession, and they have the right not to say anything to the police.

12: Federalism is a situation where _____ and ______ law come into conflict.

13: The U.S. Supreme Court typically hears cases on appeals that deal with an alleged violation of a constitutional right that is provided by the Bill of Rights, which are the ______

14: The idea that police misconduct is typically committed by an immoral individual, and when that individual commits misconduct, it makes all police officers look bad, is referred to as ______.

15: The decisions of the ______ have had the broadest impact on police policies and procedures, for when they decide a case, it affects every police department in the United States.

16: ______ is the type of misconduct that includes using one’s position as a police officer for personal gain.

17: When police officers conduct a search incident to arrest, they may search any area they want to, no matter whether the area is incident to the arrest.

18: Probable cause must be presented before a jury in order for an officer to secure an arrest warrant or a search warrant.

19: Reasonable suspicion is considered to have a higher burden of proof than probable cause. (An officer must have more to go on with reasonable suspicion.)

20: The ______ Amendment protects against unreasonable searches and seizures.

21: In order for a plain-view search to be admissible, it is imperative that the police officer has a legal right to be wherever the contraband is located.

22: The thin blue line is an idea that police officers are reluctant to “rat out” or tell on another officer.

23: All of the following are considered exigent circumstances EXCEPT ______.

24: The Miranda warning and the rights encapsulated within in it do not become necessary until a person is taken into custody.

25: Four external influences that policing must deal with are political, economic, social, and technological influences.

26: Is probable Cause legal standard that means an officer believes an offense has been or is about to be committed. Can be established by officer observations or information that is received from others?

27: _____ is the process by which the criminal justice system is allowed access to your personal space and belongings to determine whether evidence of a criminal act is present.

28: _____ is defined as a legal document that allows an officer to complete a search of a person’s belongings.

29: _____ is known as practice that allows the police to take items and admit them into evidence.

30: Is exclusionary Rule established by the U.S. Supreme Court case Mapp v. Ohio (1961). It states that items obtained outside the context of a warrant cannot be used against someone in a court of law?

31: _____ is this doctrine states that any evidence obtained as a result of an illegal search is excluded and cannot be used against someone in a court of law.

32: _____ is defined as if evidence is obtained without a warrant as a result of unintended error, then the evidence can still be used.

33: _____ is known as a type of search that occurs when the individual gives permission to conduct a search.

34: Is emergency Exception an exception to the warrant requirement that is invoked if police are concerned that waiting to secure a warrant could either jeopardize the safety of others or threaten the integrity of potential evidence?

35: _____ is legal doctrine that allows the police to search a vehicle without a warrant if they have probable cause to arrest the occupants of the vehicle and if they have probable cause that the car contains illegal items.

36: _____ is defined as used to inform people who are under arrest that the Fifth Amendment provides protection against self-incrimination during an interrogation.

37: _____ is known as occurs when an officer is unsure about the right path of action, when following the right path is difficult, or when the wrong path becomes tempting to the officer.

38: Is issues of Duty ethical dilemmas where officers are faced with challenges based on how they view their role as police officers. An issue of duty also occurs when an officer knows what is expected of her or him but is not inclined to perform a particular aspect of the job?

39: _____ is an ethical dilemma that occurs when officers fail to make good ethical decisions and the results of their actions lead to personal gain.

40: _____ is defined as lying to cover up wrongdoing.

41: _____ is known as a form of corruption that involves receiving free items in exchange for favorable treatment.

42: Is bribery involves the solicitation of something of value to influence the actions of another?

43: _____ is a form of corruption that involves taking items without paying for them.

44: _____ is defined as officers who are considered to be involved in corrupt activities in a passive sense.

45: _____ is known as officers who actively pursue corrupt activities that could result in significant and illegal gains.

46: Is rotten Apple Theory suggests that the corruption of a select few individuals can, in turn, shed a negative light on a department?

47: _____ is occurs when the race or ethnicity of an individual is used as the sole or primary determinant by the police when making decisions.

48: _____ is defined as defined as the application of amount and/or frequency of force greater than required to compel compliance from a willing or unwilling subject.

49: _____ is known as involves the use of physical restraint techniques such as wrist locks, bodily force, and choke holds.

50: Is chemical Force force that involves the use of restraining substances such as pepper spray or mace?

51: _____ is force that involves the use of electrical current to temporarily incapacitate an offender, such as with a Taser.

52: _____ is defined as Force that involves the use of batons, flashlights, and other implements to deliver force against an individual.

53: _____ is known as force that involves the pointing of or firing of a handgun.

54: _____ is known as searches conducted without a warrant for inventory purposes, when police take property into their possession for legal purposes.

55: Is citizen Review Boards official government boards, consisting of citizens outside of the police department, that conduct investigations, oversee police investigations, or serve as appellate bodies to outcomes of police misconduct allegations?

56: _____ is the practice of transferring job duties of police officers to nonsworn, civilian personnel.

57: _____ is defined as legal searches con-ducted without a warrant, when an individual has waived his or her Fourth Amendment rights.

58: _____ is known as a system by which trained police officers con-duct debriefings of officers involved in major incidents.

59: Is deadly Force the authority for police to use force that can cause death when their lives or the lives of other citizens are placed in immediate jeopardy?

60: _____ is a police officer’s ability to decide whether to apply the law or not

61: _____ is defined as grants and budgetary supplements police departments seek from external sources

62: _____ is known as factors that cause stress in police officers that lie outside of their control.

63: Is federalism the issues of shared powers between the national and state governments and how oversight of these powers is determined?

64: _____ is police misconduct committed in order to ensure justice is served on a criminal.

65: _____ is defined as improper or illegal conduct carried out while performing one’s job.

66: _____ is known as the stress associated with performing one’s regular job duties.

67: Is order Maintenance the maintenance of territorial control over a specific area or beat by police officers?

68: _____ is the stress caused by the organization, that is, the police department, for which an individual works.

69: _____ is defined as legal searches conducted without a warrant, when contraband is in plain view of the police.

70: _____ is known as the code by which many police officers are asked to live, upholding good values with strong ethics

71: Is police Misconduct police behavior that is in violation of departmental policies and procedures, is a misuse of power and authority, or is a violation of the law?

72: _____ is the psychological and physical distress caused by witnessing or experiencing a major catastrophic event.

73: _____ is defined as the evidence that a reasonable person would believe to indicate criminal behavior.

74: _____ is known as the legal standard of proof by which a reasonable per-son would suspect that someone might be engaged in criminal behavior; leads to an investigative detention.

75: Is searches Based on Exigent Circumstances legal searches conducted without a warrant, typically when evidence may be destroyed or a person faces imminent danger?

76: _____ is legal searches conducted without a warrant, after police officers have placed a person under arrest.

77: _____ is defined as the exercise of command and control over a territory or beat by police officers.

12: Federalism is a situation where _ and __ law come into conflict.