Cornerstones of Good Research MCQs
Cornerstones of Good Research MCQs
Try to answer these 50 Cornerstones of Good Research MCQs and check your understanding of the Cornerstones of Good Research subject.
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1: The relationship between scores on ______ different forms of a scale is called alternate forms reliability
A. Two
B. Three
C. Four
D. Five
2: ________ Item that provides a limited number of choices from which respondents must select is called
A. Closed ended response format
B. Open ended response format
C. Simple response formate
D. None of above
3: Positive correlation between scale scores and a current behavior that is related to the construct assessed by the scale is called concurrent validity
A. True
B. False
4: A variable that varies systematically with the variables of interest in a study and is a potential alternative explanation for causality is called confound
A. True
B. False
5: A concept that cannot be directly observed or measured is called construct
A. True
B. False
6: Whether a measure mirrors the characteristics of a hypothetical construct; can be assessed in multiple ways is called
A. Construct validity
B. Non construct validity
C. Content validity
D. Convergent validity
7: Inclusion of all aspects of a construct by items on a scale or measure is called
A. Construct validity
B. Non construct validity
C. Content validity
D. Convergent validity
8: Positive relationship between two scales measuring the same or similar constructs is known as
A. Construct validity
B. Non construct validity
C. Content validity
D. Convergent validity
9: ______ validity is a positive correlation between scale scores and a behavioral measure.
A. Construct validity
B. Non construct validity
C. Content validity
D. Criterion validity
10: Cronbach’s alpha is a test used to assess the _______ of a scale by computing the intercorrelations among responses to scale items; values of .70 or higher are interpreted as acceptable internal consistency.
A. Internal consistency
B. External consistency
C. Average consistency
D. None of above
11: Negative or no relationship between two scales measuring different constructs is called _______
A. Construct validity
B. Non construct validity
C. Content validity
D. Divergent validity
12: The _______ between numbers on a scale is equal is known as equal intervals
A. Distance
B. Speed
C. Area
D. Perimeter
13: The degree to which we can say that the results of a study are accurate for different types of peo-ple in different settings assessed with different procedures is called
A. External validity
B. Internal validity
C. Face validity
D. None of above
14: Whether a particular measure seems to be appropriate as a way to assess a construct is called
A. External validity
B. Internal validity
C. Face validity
D. None of above
15: Forced-choice response format is a response format in which there is no neutral, or middle, option.
A. True
B. False
16: Each number has a unique meaning is called identity
A. True
B. False
17: The consistency of participant responses to all the items in a scale is called
A. External consistency
B. Internal consistency
C. Face consistency
D. None of above
18: The degree to which we can say that we found an accurate relationship among variables, in that changes in one variable (the DV) are caused by changes in another variable (the IV). Relevant only to studies exam-ining causation is called
A. External validity
B. Internal validity
C. Face validity
D. None of above
19: Consistency of observations or ratings of a behavior made by ______ different people is known as interrater reliability
A. Three
B. Two
C. Many
D. Five
20: ________ is a scale of measurement that has both order and equal intervals between values on the scale.
A. Interval scale
B. Nominal scale
C. Ordinal scale
D. None of above
21: A commonly used type of interval scale response in which items are rated on a range of num-bers (usually between 5 and 7 response options) that are assumed to have equal intervals is called likert type scale.
A. True
B. False
22: Measurement reliability is consistency of a measure.
A. True
B. False
23: Measurement is accurate in that it measures what it purports to measure is called ______
A. Measurement validity
B. Measurement reliability
C. Measurement accuracy
D. None of above
24: ________ is a scale of measurement where numbers represent categories and have no numerical value.
A. Nominal scale
B. Interval scale
C. Ordinal scale
D. None of above
25: A measure that is rated by observers and sometimes made without the awareness of the person performing the behavior is called
A. Observational measure
B. Non observational measure
C. Quantitative measure
D. Non quantitative measure
26: Item on a scale that required the respondents to generate their own answers is called close ended response format
A. True
B. False
27: Operational definition is the explicit explanation of a variable in terms of how it is measured or manipulated.
A. True
B. False
28: A scale of measurement with numbers that have order so that each number is greater or less than other numbers but the interval between the numbers is not equal; also called rankings.
A. Nominal scale
B. Interval scale
C. Ordinal scale
D. None of above
29: A measure that assesses ______ reactions is called physiological measure.
A. Physical
B. Chemical
C. Fast
D. Normal
30: Positive relationship between scale scores and a ______behavior that is related to the construct assessed by the scale is known as predictive validity
A. Present
B. Past
C. Future
D. None
31: Nonnumerical assessment is called
A. Qualitative measure
B. Quantitative measure
C. Data measure
D. None of above
32: Numerical measure is called
A. Qualitative measure
B. Quantitative measure
C. Data measure
D. None of above
33: Questionnaire is a document, presented in hard copy or on the computer, consisting of items that assess one or more constructs.
A. True
B. False
34: A scale of measurement where values measure quantity and have order, equal intervals, and a true zero is known as
A. Ratio Scale
B. Interval scale
C. Ordinal scale
D. None of above
35: Consistency of findings or measures is called
A. Reliability
B. Non reliability
C. Consistency
D. None of above
36: Reliability of study is to check consistency of the _______ are across similar studies.
A. Data
B. Results
C. Experiments
D. All of above
37: Replication is conducting the _______ with new par-ticipants (literal replication) or conducting a study exam-ining the same patterns or relationships but with different methods (conceptual replication).
A. Same study
B. Average study
C. Different study
D. None of above
38: The type of response, either participant generated or choice from among listed options, required by items on a questionnaire is called response format
A. True
B. False
39: Scale score is the score that is computed from items assessing a particular construct, most commonly a sum or average of the numbers representing responses to individ-ual items in the document.
A. True
B. False
40: Correlations between the responses to half the items on a scale to the other half (usually even-numbered items correlated with odd-numbered items); values of .70 or higher are considered to denote acceptable reliability is called
A. Test reliability
B. Test retest reliability
C. Split half reliability
D. None of above
41: A measure of the stability of scores on a scale over time is called
A. Test reliability
B. Retest reliability
C. Test-retest reliability
D. None of above
42: The score of _____ on a scale is a fixed point is called true zero
A. Zero
B. One
C. Two
D. Three
43: Unobtrusive measure is a measure that is made of behaviors or situations without disturbing the naturally occurring behavior or situation in order to reduce changes that might occur if there was awareness of measurement
A. True
B. False
44: ________ of findings or measures is called validity
A. Accuracy
B. Inaccuracy
C. Precision
D. None of above
45: Gender and ethnicity represent the ______ scale of measurement.
A. Nominal
B. Ordinal
C. Interval
D. Ratio
46: Cronbach’s alpha is used to measure ______.
A. Content validity
B. Internal consistency
C. External validity
D. Inter-rater reliability
47: Content validity assesses ______.
A. The negative relationship between two scales measuring different constructs
B. The positive relationship between two scales measuring the same construct
C. Whether a scale includes all aspects of a construct
D. The relationship between scale scores and a behavior
48: Researchers must balance internal and external validity because ______.
A. Too much external validity means the findings cannot be applied to specific settings and people
B. They are both hard to achieve
C. There are so many types of validity to consider
D. Too much control in a study significantly decreases the settings, methods, and people to which the findings can apply
49: Internal validity refers to the ______.
A. Consistency of a study’s findings
B. Degree to which we can say that changes in one variable are caused by another variable
C. Ability to generalize findings to other settings and people
D. Accuracy of measuring a variable
50: A confound calls into question the ______ of a study.
A. Reliability
B. External validity
C. Internal validity
D. None of these
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Cornerstones of Good Research MCQs
