Making Inferences Based on Your Research MCQs
Making Inferences Based on Your Research MCQs
The following Making Inferences Based on Your Research MCQs have been compiled by our experts through research, in order to test your knowledge of the subject of Making Inferences Based on Your Research. We encourage you to answer these 30 multiple-choice questions to assess your proficiency.
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1: Alternative hypothesis is a prediction of what the researcher expects to find in a study. Often called an “experimental hypothesis” in experimental research and stated in terms of differences between groups.
A. True
B. False
2: An estimation of the range of values within which the scores will fall (margin of error) is confidence interval
A. True
B. False
3: The percentage of a sampling distri-bution that the researcher selects for the region of rejec-tion; typically researchers use 5% (p < .05) is called criterion level
A. True
B. False
4: The value of a statistic that defines the extreme 5% of a distribution for a one-tailed hypothesis or the extreme 2.5% of the distribution for a two-tailed test is called
A. Constant value
B. Critical value
C. Zero value
D. All of these
5: Strength or magnitude of the effect of a variable, or the strength of the relationship between ___ variables is effect size
A. One
B. Two
C. Three
D. Zero
6: An alternative hypoth-esis used in experiments and stated in terms of differences between groups is called experimental hypothesis
A. True
B. False
7: The process of determining the probability of obtaining a particular result or set of results is hypothesis testing
A. True
B. False
8: ____ statistical analysis of data gath-ered from a sample to draw conclusions about a population from which the sample is drawn.
A. Physical
B. Inferential
C. Chemical
D. All of these
9: Population mean is represented by
A. Mv
B. Mu
C. Mz
D. My
10: A prediction of no difference between groups; the hypothesis the researcher expects to reject is called ___ hypothesis
A. Null
B. Zero
C. Test
D. All of these
11: A hypothesis stating the direc-tion (higher or lower) in which a sample statistic will differ from the population or another group is ___ tailed hypothesis
A. One
B. Two
C. Three
D. Zero
12: Statistics from a population is parameters
A. True
B. False
13: The ability to reject the null hypothesis when it is, in fact, false is called
A. Outcome
B. Strategy
C. Power
D. Order
14: The usefulness or everyday impact of results is practical significance
A. True
B. False
15: Region of rejection is the extreme ____(generally) of a sampling distribution; results falling in this area imply that our sample does not belong to the sampling distribution defined by the H0and result in the researcher rejecting the H0and accepting the Ha
A. 5%
B. 10%
C. 20%
D. 100%
16: A distribution of some statistic obtained from multiple samples of the same size drawn from the same population is called Sampling distribution
A. True
B. False
17: The ability of a measurement instrument to detect differences is called sensitivity
A. True
B. False
18: Population standard deviation is called
A. Sigma
B. Pie
C. Base
D. Constant
19: Statistical significance is when the results of a study fall in the extreme ____% of the sampling distribution, suggesting that the obtained findings are not due to chance alone and do not belong to the sampling distribution defined by the H0.
A. 2
B. 3
C. 4
D. 5
20: A hypothesis stating that results from a sample will differ from the population or another group but without stating how the results will differ is called ___ tailed hypothesis
A. One
B. Two
C. Three
D. Zero
21: The probability of the significance level of your findings is called type ___ error
A. I
B. II
C. III
D. IV
22: The probability of incorrectly retaining a false H0 is type ___ error
A. I
B. II
C. III
D. IV
23: The variability among the scores of participants created by individual or participant differences even under the same conditions is called within group variance
A. True
B. False
24: Chi square goodness of fit is a nonparametric test used with one nominal variable having two or more categories; tests whether the observed frequencies of the categories reflect the expected population frequencies.
A. True
B. False
25: A measure of effect size; describes the mag-nitude of the effect of our IV (or predictor) on the DV (or outcome) in standard deviation units is cohen's d
A. True
B. False
26: In the hypothesis testing process, the researcher first ______.
A. States the null and alternative hypotheses
B. Selects the criterion level
C. Decides whether to reject the null hypothesis
D. Collects the data and computes the appropriate statistical test
27: A confidence interval tells you ______.
A. The practical significance of the results
B. The statistical significance of the results
C. The strength of the results
D. The margin of error of your results
28: Inferential statistics refer to statistics used to ______.
A. Describe your sample
B. Analyze data from a sample to draw conclusions about a population from which the sample was drawn
C. Analyze the differences between your sample and samples in past studies
D. All of these
29: If you reject the null hypothesis at p < .02, the probability of a Type I error is ______ and the probability of a Type II error is ______.
A. 2%; 2%
B. 2%; zero
C. Zero; 2%
D. Zero; zero
30: The difference between one-tailed and two-tailed hypotheses is ______.
A. A one-tailed hypothesis is rarely used.
B. A two-tailed hypothesis predicts the direction of the difference and a one-tailed hypothesis does not.
C. A one-tailed hypothesis predicts the direction of the difference and a two-tailed hypothesis does not.
D. It is easier to reject the null hypothesis using a two-tailed hypothesis.
31: The effect size is a measure of the ______.
A. Strength or magnitude of a relationship or difference
B. Power of a study
C. Practical meaning of results
D. Percentage of participants who complete the study
32: ______ and ______ are effect sizes.
A. Practical significance; statistical significance
B. Cohen’s d; z scores
C. Cohen’s d; proportion of variability accounted for
D. Proportion of variability accounted for; practical significance
33: The sampling distribution is defined by the ______.
A. Null hypothesis
B. Alternative hypothesis
C. Experimental hypothesis
D. Combination of null and alternative hypotheses
34: When we find statistical significance it suggests that our results were ______.
A. Due to chance alone and belong to the sampling distribution defined by the alternative hypothesis
B. Not due to chance alone and belong to the sampling distribution defined by the alternative hypothesis
C. Due to chance alone and belong to the sampling distribution defined by the null hypothesis
D. Not due to chance alone and do not belong to the sampling distribution defined by the null hypothesis
35: Cohen’s d is often used when examining ______ because it is in standard deviation units.
A. Means
B. Medians
C. Modes
D. None of these
36: Region of acceptance is area of sampling distribution generally defined by the mean +/–2 SD or 95% of the distribution; results falling in this region imply that our sample belongs to the sampling distribution defined by the H0 and result in the researcher retaining the H0.
A. True
B. False
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Making Inferences Based on Your Research MCQs
