Theories of Causation MCQs
Theories of Causation MCQs
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1: Individuals thought to be capable of resisting the impulse to commit crimes except under very favorable circumstances refer to Anomalies.
A. True
B. False
2: Anomie Theory is a sociological theory of criminal causation that generally refers to a state of “_____ ” in society.
A. Ethicalness Ness
B. Normlessness
C. Valuelesness
D. Both a and b
3: Atavists is a theory that argued that criminals are anthropological throwbacks to an undeveloped phase in human evolution and that this atavistic quality is indicated by _____ abnormalities.
A. Physical
B. Social
C. Psychological
D. Sociopsychological
4: Behaviorists are proponents of empirical, objective approaches of _____ behavior.
A. Observing
B. Measuring
C. Changing
D. Both a and b
5: Biological Theories are the theories that emphasize the belief that offenders differ from nonoffenders in some _____ way.
A. Physiological
B. Psychological
C. Both a and b
D. Sociopsychological
6: Biosocial Criminology holds that contemporary criminology should represent a merger of _____
A. Biology
B. Psychology
C. Sociology
D. All of these
7: Classical Theory was popular during the _____ centuries and was revived during the late 20th century in the United States.
A. Early 18th
B. Late 18th
C. Early 19th
D. Both b and c
8: According to Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, once individuals become conscious of their own thoughts and behaviors and the a_____ underlying those thoughts and behaviors, they can make positive changes to each with the assistance of a trained therapist.
A. Attitudes
B. Belief
C. Values
D. All of these
9: Concentric Zone Theory holds that zones of transition between residential and industrial neighborhoods consistently have the _____ rates of crime and delinquency.
A. Highest
B. Lowest
C. Intermediate
D. None of these
10: Conceptual Schemes are the schemes that suggest relationships between variables but do not meet the requirements for theory.
A. True
B. False
11: Conditioning is a process of _____ through which any type of social behavior can be taught.
A. Rewarding for appropriate behavior
B. Punishing for inappropriate behavior
C. Not responding for any type of behaviour
D. Both a and b
12: Conflict Theorists argue that conflict is inherent in all societies, not just capitalist societies, and focus on conflict resulting from _____ power, and other relationships.
A. Gender
B. Race
C. Ethnicity
D. All of these
13: Theories assuming that all of us must be held in check if we are to resist the temptation to commit criminal or delinquent acts are known as _____
A. Control Theories
B. Conflict Theories
C. Radical Theories
D. Critical Theories
14: Using techniques of_____, juveniles drift in and out of the delinquent subculture over time.
A. Addition
B. Differentiation
C. Neutralization
D. All of these
15: Ancient belief holding that human deviance is the product of evil otherworldly forces such as demons and devils is known as_____
A. Spirituality
B. Demonology
C. Sorcery
D. Witchcraft
16: In_____ theory, harsh punishment deters individuals who might otherwise be prone to break the law as well as those who have already violated the law.
A. Critical
B. Control
C. Radical
D. Deterrence
17: Ecological Disorganization Approach is commonly associated with the work of _____
A. Shaw
B. McKay
C. Cesare Lombroso
D. Both a and b
18: Feminism is an approach to studying crime and delinquency that focuses on women’s experiences, typically in the areas of_____
A. Victimization
B. Gender differences in crime
C. Differential treatment of women by the justice network
D. All of these
19: Crime control based on the belief that humans exercise free will and that human behavior results from rationally calculating rewards and costs in terms of pleasure and pain, this approach is known as_____ Approach.
A. Legitimate
B. Freewill
C. Classical
D. Neoclassical
20: The components of the human conscious psyche according to psychoanalytic theory are _____
A. Id
B. Ego
C. Superego
D. All of these
21: Illegitimate Opportunity Structure is a scenario that where illegitimate opportunities are available, juveniles who are experiencing strain or anomie are attracted to that structure and are likely to become involved in delinquent activities.
A. True
B. False
22: Integrated Theories are the theories that attempt to combine two or more preexisting theories so as to provide more comprehensive explanations for _____ behaviors.
A. Criminal
B. Delinquent
C. Suspected
D. Both a and b
23: Theory holding that society’s reaction to deviant behavior is crucially important in understanding who becomes labeled as deviant is known as_____
A. Labeling Theory
B. Learning Theory
C. Deviant Theory
D. Both a and c
24: Learning Theory is a theory holding that people learn behaviors through various forms of_____
A. Reinforcements
B. Punishments
C. Social observations
D. All of these
25: Neoclassical Approach recognizes that_____ do not make the same rational choices as do mature sane adults.
A. Juveniles
B. Mentally ill adults
C. Both
D. None
26: A form of criminology that uses brain imaging techniques to _____criminal behavior.
A. Study
B. Predict
C. Prevent
D. All of these
27: Personality Inventories are the psychological assessment tools examining people’s personality characteristics.
A. True
B. False
28: Phrenology is the study of the _____skull.
A. Shape
B. Size
C. Composition
D. Weight
29: Positivist School of Criminology is an approach that holds that_____ experiences can be sources of deviant behavior.
A. Biology
B. Culture
C. Social
D. All of these
30: Theory involving the notion that people rationally consider the risks and rewards before they commit crimes is known as _____
A. Classical Theory
B. Postclassical Theory
C. Rational choice Theory
D. Both b and c
31: Psychological Approach is a theory proposed by Sigmund Freud arguing that humans have_____ personality components.
A. Two
B. Three
C. Four
D. Five
32: Theories that have their basis in the field of_____ are known as Psychological theories.
A. Psychology
B. Physiology
C. Social
D. Both a and c
33: Aggressive criminal who acts impulsively for no apparent reason is known as _____
A. Psychopath
B. Cynic
C. Psychic
D. All of these
34: Approach in which crime is simply a function of people’s everyday behavior is known as______
A. Rational choice Theory
B. Routine activities Theory
C. Routine Choice Theory
D. Both a and b
35: Set of two or more related, empirically testable assertions refer to _____
A. Scientific Theory
B. Social Theory
C. Strain Theory
D. Both a and c
36: Theories that look for causes of delinquency in society as well as in the individual refer to _____
A. Scientific Theory
B. Socialogical Theory
C. Strain Theory
D. Both a and c
37: Mesomorphs are_____
A. Muscular
B. Sinewy
C. Delicate
D. Both a and b
38: A predominance of _____ traits is theoretically found in delinquents and criminals.
A. Mesomorphic
B. Ectomorphic
C. Endomorphic
D. All of these
39: Endomorphs are _____
A. Muscular
B. Sinewy
C. Pudgy
D. All of these
40: Modern Strain theory focuses on the availability of _____
A. Goals
B. Means
C. Needs
D. Both a and b
41: ______ is a part of the technique of Neutralization.
A. Denial of responsibility
B. Denial of injury
C. Denial of a victim
D. All of these
42: Theory of Differential Association combines some of the principles of _____with the notion that learning takes place in interaction within social groups.
A. Socialism
B. Behaviorism
C. Neutralism
D. Both aa nd b
43: Trephining is the process that consists of drilling holes in the _____ of those perceived as deviants to allow the evil spirits to escape.
A. Bones
B. Joints
C. Skulls
D. All of these
44: Research suggests that men with an _____chromosomal pattern are more prevalent in prison populations than in society.
A. XY
B. XXY
C. XYY
D. Both b and c
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Theories of Causation MCQs
