Anatomy and Physiology MCQs
Anatomy and Physiology MCQs
Try to answer these 2000+ Anatomy and Physiology MCQs and check your understanding of the Anatomy and Physiology subject. Scroll down and let's begin!
1: ________ is to contraction as ________ is to relaxation.
A. Systole, diastole
B. Diastole, systole
C. End-diastolic volume
D. Bradycardia; tachycardia
2: _________ stimulates increased secretion of pancreatic juice that is rich in bicarbonate ions.
A. Secretin
B. Hepatic sinusoids
C. Paneth cells
D. Pepsin
3: __________ have 46 chromosomes, whereas __________ have 23.
A. Spermatids; spermatozoa
B. Primary spermtocytes; spermatids
C. Secondary spermatocytes; primary spermatocytes
D. Spermatogonia; primary spermatocytes
4: __________ increases the available surface area of fats for digestion and later absorption.
A. Pancreatic lipase
B. Lingual lipase
C. Gastric lipase
D. Bile
5: __________ secrete __________ into __________.
A. Goblet cells; mucus; the blood
B. Endocrine glands; hormones; ducts
C. Exocrine glands; hormones; ducts
D. Endocrine glands; hormones; the blood
E. Exocrine glands; mucus; the blood
6: A __________ is to a nucleic acid as an amino acid is to a polypeptide.
A. Purine
B. Pyrimidine
C. Nucleotide
D. Base
7: A characteristic of every animal hormone is that the hormone _____.
A. Both release signal molecules into the bloodstream.
B. Nonsteroid hormones act via signal transduction pathways; steroid hormones do not act via signal transduction pathways
C. Acts as a regulatory message or signal between cells
D. Relays directives from the hypothalamus to other glands
8: A foramen ovale ________.
A. Is a condition in which the heart valves do not completely close
B. Is a shallow depression in the interventricular septum.is a connection between the pulmonary trunk and the aorta in the fetus
C. Connects the two atria in the fetal heart
9: A gomphosis is a ______ joint.
A. Fibrous
B. Cartilagenous
C. Synovial
D. Synchondrosis
10: A nerve is _______.
A. A cluster of cell bodies
B. Another term for a neuron
C. A bundle of axons
D. Another term for nerve fiber
11: A person with ankyloglossia would likely have difficulty pronouncing the word .
A. True
B. False
12: A pilus is a __________.
A. Hair
B. Hair follicle
C. Tiny muscle that moves a hair
D. Sensory nerve fiber around the base of a hair
13: A primary immune response ______, and a secondary immune response ______.
A. Is very important; is less important to the body's ability to protect itself
B. Produces antibodies within five to ten days of exposure to antigens; produces antibodies within a day or two of a subsequent exposure to the same antigen
C. Is very rapid in producing antibodies after exposure to antigens; is very slow in producing antibodies after exposure to antigens
D. Occurs only in children; occurs only in adults
14: A synarthrosis that forms between adjacent bones of the skull is called a __________.
A. Suture
B. Symphysis
C. Amphiarthrosis
D. Tendon
15: A tendon is ______, whereas an aponeurosis is ______.
A. Cordlike and connects muscles to bones; a broad, fibrous sheet of connective tissue that connects muscles to muscles
B. An actin filaments slide along myosin filaments; ATP
C. A oxygen debt; ruptured blood vessels
D. None of these
16: A(n) ________ is a sudden, permanent change in a sequence of dna.
A. Agonist
B. Mutation
C. Dendrites
D. Pituitary
17: Abduction requires the action of two muscles, and adduction requires the action of __________.
A. Subscapularis
B. Four muscles
C. Radial tuberosity
D. Teres major
18: Acetylcholine acts on _______ and __________ receptor susbtypes.
A. Muscarinic; adrenergic
B. Adrenergic; nicotinic
C. Muscarinic; cholinergic
D. Nicotinic; muscarinic
E. Cholinergic; nicotinic
19: Action potentials are generated at the _______ and are conducted along the _______.
A. Axon hillock; depolarization
B. Axon hillock; axon
C. Oligodendrocytes; astrocytes
D. Action potential; axon
20: Active transport of molecules across membranes requires atp because __________.
A. The transport protein moves or has moving gates
B. The transported molecules are not soluble in the lipid membrane
C. The molecules are moved against the concentration gradient (uphill)
D. More than one molecule is transported at a time
21: Adding more premises to a valid deductive argument ____________.
A. Cannot make it invalid
B. Can make it go from valid to invalid
C. Can make the other premises true
D. Can make it inductively stronger
22: After ovulation, the corpus luteum secretes _____, which _____.
A. Ollicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone
B. Progesterone and estrogen; stimulates development of the endometrium
C. A drop in progesterone and estrogen levels
D. For both males and females, the quality of eggs and sperm decrease somewhat with age.
23: Aldosterone acts on the __________.
A. Descending limb of the nephron loop
B. Medullary portion of the collecting duct
C. Glomerulus
D. Proximal convoluted tubule
E. Distal convoluted tubule
24: All fibers of the pectoralis major muscle converge on the lateral edge of the__________
A. Depressor anguli oris
B. Ischiocavernosus
C. Intertubercular sulcus
D. External urethral sphincter
25: All mammals _____.
A. Vertebrates and tunicates share
B. Nourish their offspring through mammary glands
C. Endothermic metabolism
D. Australopithecus, Homo habilis, Homo erectus
26: All of the following are organs except __________.
A. Teeth
B. The skin
C. Nails
D. The liver
E. The digestive system
27: All of the following are regulated by the medulla except __________.
A. Cerebral cortex
B. The fight-or-flight response
C. Reticular formation
D. Forebrain
28: All of the following play a role in maintaining resting membrane potential except_______.
A. The opening of voltage-gated sodium channels
B. It makes the inside of the neurons more negative
C. Yes, they are functioning as a receptor.
D. It will make the inside of the neurons more negative and he will rapidly lose consciousness.
29: All of the following structures are common to all synovial joints except __________.
A. Nerves and blood vessels
B. Reinforcing ligaments
C. Synovial fluid and articular cartilage
D. Articular discs
E. Articular capsule
30: Alpha cells are to ________ as beta cells are to ________.
A. Pancreatic polypeptide; insulin
B. Somatostatin; insulin
C. Glucagon; somatostatin
D. Glucagon; insulin
E. Insulin; glucagon
31: An antigen is ______, whereas an antibody is ______.
A. A foreign substance such as a protein or a polysaccharide to which lymphocytes respond; a globular protein that reacts with an antigen to eliminate the antigen
B. Belong to the immunoglobulin E group.
C. Thymosins.
D. Forced out of blood plasma and generally lacking in proteins; absorbed into lymph capillaries
32: An effective way to treat galactosemia would be to stop ingesting galactose and ______.
A. A nutrient
B. NADH
C. Lactose
D. LDLs
E. Insulin
33: An excitatory neurotransmitter _____ the postsynaptic membrane.
A. Depolarizes
B. Somatic (voluntary) and autonomic (involunary)
C. Muscle cells and
D. Neurons
E. Microglial
34: An increase of _____ increases the permeability of the collecting duct to water.
A. The type of opsin present in the membrane
B. At intermediate lengths.
C. Urea; ammonia; uric acid
D. ADH (antidiuretic hormone)
35: An unmyelinated nerve fiber is ______, whereas a myelinated nerve fiber is ______.
A. Gray, and composing the gray matter of the brain and spinal cord; white, and composing the white matter of the brain and spinal cord
B. White, and composing the gray matter of the brain and spinal cord; gray, and composing the white matter of the brain and spinal cord
C. Gray, and composing the gray matter of the brain and spinal cord; white, and composing the white matter of the brain and spinal cord
D. White, and composing the gray matter of the brain and spinal cord; red, and composing the white matter of the brain and spinal cord E. none of the above
36: Angiotensinogen is constantly produced by the __________.
A. Intracellular fluid
B. Metabolic alkalosis
C. Liver
D. A drop in blood pH
37: Approximately ________ liters of glomerular filtrate enter glomerular capsules each day.
A. 480
B. 180
C. 125
D. 18
E. 1.8
38: Aqueous humor is drained by the ________.
A. Sclera and cornea
B. Ciliary body
C. Scleral venous sinus
D. Anterior chamber
E. The anterior and posterior chambers
39: Arrector pili muscles extend from the __________.
A. Superficial dermis to a deep-lying hair follicle
B. Dense Irregular
C. Arrector pili muscles
D. Simple alveolar
40: Arteries and veins are constructed of ________ tunics
A. 5
B. 6
C. 3
D. 4
41: Arteries have ________ compliance and ________ resistance to flow.
A. High : high
B. Low : low
C. High : low
D. Low : high
E. Zero : high
42: Arteries that are closer to the heart _______.
A. Have less elastic tissue
B. Have more elastic tissue and must be able to withstand pressure changes
C. Have more elastic tissue
D. Must be able to withstand pressure changes
43: Artery is to ________ as vein is to ________.
A. Efferent; afferent
B. Afferent; efferent
C. Toward; away
D. Afferent; away
E. Efferent; away
44: As a group invertebrates are _____
A. Non-avian dinosaurs
B. Paraphyletic
C. The blastopore formed during gastrulation becomes the anus
D. Notochord, dorsal hollow nerve cord
45: As sound levels increase in the spiral organ (of corti), ________.
A. Outer hair cells stiffen the basilar membrane
B. Complete adaptation occurs in about one to five minutes
C. Occipital lobe of the cortex
D. Connected to the levator palpebrae
46: Asthma is a disorder caused by ______ of the airways.
A. Stranger danger
B. Automatization.
C. BMI
D. Inflammation
47: Bacteria constitute about __________% of the dry weight of the feces.
A. 2
B. 14
C. 30
D. 55
E. 80
48: Blood in the __________ will have the same po2 as the blood in the aorta.
A. Systemic veins
B. Pulmonary arteries
C. Right ventricle
D. Pulmonary veins
49: Blood leaves the ________ and enters the glomerulus.
A. Bowman's capsule
B. Proximal tubule
C. Afferent arteriole
D. Transport maximum
50: Blood pressure is highest in the ___________ and lowest in the _____________.
A. Arteries; capillaries
B. Arterioles, venules
C. Brachial artery; capillaries
D. Arteries closest to the heart; veins
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