Biology MCQs
Biology MCQs
Answer these 300+ Biology MCQs and see how sharp is your knowledge of Biology. Scroll down and let's start!
1: An embryonic cell that is "totipotent" is one that can _____.
A. Trophoblast
B. Cleavage... a cluster of cells
C. By itself, give rise to the entire embryo, as cleavage proceeds
D. They have extra-embryonic membranes that develop an aqueous environment in which development occurs
2: At the moment of sperm penetration, human eggs _____.
A. Have used flagellar propulsion to move from the ovary to the oviduct
B. Are still located within the ovary
C. Have a paper-thin cell of calcium carbonate that prevents desiccation
D. Are still surrounded by follicular cells
3: Birds reptiles and mammals are called amniotes because _____
A. By itself, give rise to the entire embryo, as cleavage proceeds
B. They have extra-embryonic membranes that develop an aqueous environment in which development occurs
C. Cleavage... a cluster of cells
D. Trophoblast
4: During gastrulation in frogs, a rod of mesoderm under the dorsal surface forms the _____.
A. Blastopore
B. Spinal cord
C. Ectoderm
D. Notochord
5: In the five-kingdom system, prokaryotes are placed in the kingdom _____.
A. Protista
B. Reflects evolutionary history
C. They are sedentary.
D. Monera
6: The domain eukarya contain(s) ______ kingdom(s).
A. One.
B. Two
C. Three.
D. Four.
7: The mesoderm gives rise to _____
A. Skeletal and muscular systems
B. Cleavage ... a cluster of cells
C. The membrane of the egg depolarizing
D. The allantois helps form the umbilical cord in human development.
8: The notochord functions as a core around which mesodermal cells form the frog's _____.
A. Backbone.
B. Ectoderm
C. Blastula
D. Archenteron
E. Blastopore
9: The outer-to-inner sequence of tissue layers in a post-gastrulation vertebrate embryo is _____.
A. Endoderm → ectoderm → mesoderm.
B. Mesoderm → endoderm → ectoderm.
C. Ectoderm → mesoderm → endoderm.
D. Ectoderm → endoderm → mesoderm.
10: The primitive streak in a bird is the functional equivalent of _____.
A. The blastopore in the frog
B. The archenteron in a frog.
C. Polar bodies in a sea .
D. None of these
11: The term polytomy refers to a situation in which __________.
A. A branch point within a phylogenetic tree represents the most recent common ancestor
B. None of the listed assumptions should be made
C. Trees should not be used to indicate absolute age unless specifically mentioned to scale
D. Taxons do not evolve from the taxon they are adjacent to
12: The three most abundant classes of nutrients are __________.
A. Carbohydrates, proteins, and minerals
B. Fats, proteins, and carbohydrates
C. Proteins, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates
D. Triglycerides, starches, and proteins
E. Proteins, fats, and minerals
13: Almost all animals except _____ have either radial or bilateral symmetry.
A. Sponges
B. Tunicates
C. Clams
D. Insects
14: Early work on signal transduction and glycogen metabolism by sutherland indicated that __________.
A. The signal molecule combined directly with a cytosolic enzyme to form an active quaternary structure
B. The signal molecule worked equally well with intact or disrupted cells
C. The signal molecule did not interact directly with the cytosolic enzyme, but required an intact plasma membrane before the enzyme could be activated
D. The cell-signaling pathway involves two separate steps: transduction and response
E. Epinephrine is involved in response to stress
15: The decidua basalis is ________.
A. Destined to remain in the uterus after the birth of the infant
B. Located between the developing embryo and the myometrium
C. Not a maternal contribution to the placenta
D. The tissue that surrounds the uterine cavity face of the implanted embryo
16: When bapna is hydrolyzed, it _______.
A. Complexes with starch
B. Changes from colorless to yellow
C. Changes from yellow in color to colorless
D. Produces reducing sugar
17: A blastomere is a _____ and a blastocyst is _____.
A. Hollow ball of cells; a cell resulting from cleavage
B. Fetal organ produced by cleavage; an embryonic organ produced by cleavage
C. Fetal membrane; an embryonic membrane
D. Cell produced by cleavage; a hollow ball of cells
18: As cleavage continues, a zygote forms into a solid multicellular ball called a(n) _____.
A. Morula
B. Gastrula
C. Blastula
D. Ectoderm
19: Cleavage as part of embryonic development is distinctive because it involves ________.
A. Cell division by mitosis with little or no growth between successive divisions
B. The fusion of gametes
C. Splitting the cell into two separate cells
D. Meiosis
20: Examine the evolutionary tree below. this tree tells us that the amnion is found in ______.
A. Genetics and evolutionary biology
B. Lungfishes and amphibians
C. Plante and fungi
D. Mammals, lizards, snakes, crocodiles, and birds
21: In a comparison of birds and mammals, having four limbs is _____.
A. A shared ancestral character
B. A shared derived character
C. A character useful for distinguishing birds from mammals
D. An example of analogy rather than homology
22: In a newly fertilized egg, the vitelline layer _____.
A. Lifts away from the egg and hardens to form a fertilization envelope
B. Secretes hormones that enhance steroidogenesis by the ovary
C. Reduces the loss of water from the egg and prevents desiccation
D. Provides most of the nutrients used by the zygote
23: In fetal circulation the descending aorta carries the less oxygenated blood from the _________.
A. Ductus arteriosus.
B. Positive feedback control
C. Antibodies from the mother's immune system.
D. None of these
24: The first stage of embryonic development is _____. this process produces _____.
A. Gastrulation ... a three-layered embryo
B. Ovulation ... a zygote
C. Cleavage ... a cluster of cells
D. Neurulation...a neurula
E. Parturition ... a fetus
25: Feedlots are a major cause of _________ in water.
A. The clean water act.
B. Point source polluters.
C. Bioremediation.
D. All of these choices are correct
26: According to the fossil record, plants colonized terrestrial habitats ________.
A. In conjunction with insects that pollinated them
B. In conjunction with fungi that helped provide them with nutrients from the soil
C. To escape abundant herbivores in the oceans
D. Only about 150 million years ago
27: The behavior of an infant in sensorimotor stage four might best be described as _____.
A. Goal oriented
B. Redundant
C. Stubborn
D. Unintentional nhinnta anntinue
E. Deliberate
28: The primary difference between enhancers and promoter-proximal elements is that enhancers _____.
A. Are transcription factors; promoter-proximal elements are DNA sequences
B. Enhance transcription; promoter-proximal elements inhibit transcription
C. Are at considerable distances from the promoter; promoter-proximal elements are close to the promoter
D. Are DNA sequences; promoter-proximal elements are proteins
29: The redundancy of the genetic code is a consequence of ______.
A. Having more codons than amino acids
B. Having four different letters (As, Cs, Gs, and Us) in the genetic alphabet
C. Having fewer codons than there are amino acids
D. Having three-letter-long genetic words (codons
E. Having an equal number of codons and amino acids
30: The structural framework of a blood clot is formed by __________.
A. A fibrinogen polymer
B. Soluble fibrin
C. A fibrin polymer
D. Soluble fibrinogen
E. A thrombin polymer
31: The target organ of oxytocin is the smooth muscle of the _____.
A. Liver
B. Uterus
C. Lungs
D. Pancreas
32: The tract that carries sensations from muscle spindles to the cns is the __________.
A. Posterior column
B. Anterior spinothalamic
C. Lateral spinothalamic
D. Spinocerebellar
33: To recycle nutrients, an ecosystem must have, at a minimum, _____.
A. Producers, primary consumers, secondary consumers, and decomposers
B. Producers
C. Producers, primary consumers, and decomposers
D. Producers and decomposers
34: Copernicus proposed a heliocentric model for the solar system primarily because ________.
A. It was much simpler than the Ptolemaic model
B. It is attractive and increases if their masses increase.
C. The center of mass and nothing
D. The shape of a planet's orbit is an ellipse
35: Ddt, dde, pcbs, and pbdes are all ________.
A. Non-biodegradable and subject to bioaccumulation and/or biomagnification
B. A biodegradable and do not persist
C. Top consumers susceptible to eggshell damage caused by DDT
D. None of this
36: Industrial ecologists ________.
A. Urge an emphasis on internal manufacturing costs rather than external costs
B. Favor an economy that moves linearly rather than circularly
C. Primarily analyze industrial inputs
D. Advocate for taxes on green industries
E. Redesign industrial systems to maximize physical and economic efficiency
37: The evolution of eukaryotic cells most likely involved _____.
A. Endosymbiosis of an aerobic bacterium in a larger host cell—the endosymbiont evolved into mitochondria
B. No ribosomes are attached to its surface.
C. Function of the Golgi apparatus in sorting and directing membrane components
D. Are formed from products synthesized by the endoplasmic reticulum and processed by the Golgi
38: Uniform spacing patterns in plants such as the creosote bush are most often associated with _____.
A. Chance
B. Patterns of high humidity
C. The random distribution of seeds
D. Competitive interaction between individuals of the same population
E. The concentration of nutrients within the population's range
39: Unikonta is a supergroup that includes all of the following except _____.
A. Fungi
B. Protists
C. Animals
D. Plants
40: What was an early selective advantage of a coelom in animals? a coelom _____.
A. Contributed to a hydrostatic skeleton, allowing greater range of motion
B. Was a more efficient digestive system
C. Allowed cephalization and the formation of a cerebral ganglion
D. Allowed asexual and sexual reproduction
41: The most important feature that permits a gene to act as a molecular clock is _____.
A. Being acted upon by natural selection
B. A recent origin by a gene-duplication event
C. A reliable average rate of mutation
D. A large number of base pairs
42: The most active form of ____________ is called calcitriol.
A. Calcitonin
B. Osteoblastic activity
C. Vitamin D
D. Vitamin A
43: (intro) the amount of life on the ocean floor depends primarily on _________.
A. Sediment thickness
B. Oxygen supply
C. The amount of light
D. Temperature
E. The productivity of the surface layer above it
44: In the myogenic response, ________.
A. Muscle contraction promotes venous return to the heart
B. Ventricular contraction strength is decreased
C. Vascular smooth muscle responds to stretch
D. Endothelins dilate muscular arteries
45: Opportunistic species typically ______.
A. Have a large number of offspring
B. A density-independent factor
C. Few offspring and good parental care
D. Most individuals survive to older age intervals
46: The body fluids of an osmoconformer would be ________ with its ________ environment
A. Hyperosmotic; freshwater
B. Isotonic; freshwater
C. Hyperosmotic; saltwater
D. Isoosmotic; saltwater
E. Hypoosmotic; saltwater
47: During weeks 17-20, quickening occurs, which is when the __________.
A. Fetus' sense of hearing is developing at a rapid pace
B. Mother can hear the fetus' heartbeat with headphones
C. Fetus' heart rate increases to 150 beats per minute
D. Mother is able to feel the fetus move inside her womb
48: Cutting the left optic nerve in front of the optic chiasm would result in blindness in the ____.
A. Ight eye
B. Left eye
C. Peripheral vision of botheyes
D. None of these
49: Secondary hypertension ____________________. select all that apply.
A. Has no negative effect on the heart.
B. Is due to the presence of another disease, such as Cushing's syndrome.
C. Accounts for 5% to 10% percent of all hypertension cases.
D. S a blood pressure ≤ 160/100 mm Hg.
E. Is also known as essential hypertension.
50: Sensory information that arrives at the cns is routed according to the ________ of the stimulus.
A. Location
B. Temperature
C. Nature
D. Speed
E. Both A and C
51: The cracking of rock due to heat is an example of _______.
A. Erosion
B. Physical weathering
C. Chemical weathering
D. None of the above
52: The fuel used to run our cars contains _______ energy
A. Potential
B. Photons
C. Combustion
D. Gamma rays
53: Storage forms of glucose in living things include _____.
A. Glycogen and starch
B. Maltose and sucrose
C. Fibers and disaccharides
D. Fats and lactose
E. Phytates and viscous fibers
54: Metabolic acidosis results in _______.
A. Loss of bicarbonate, metabolic acidosis
B. Hyperventilation
C. To retain carbon dioxide
D. Carbon dioxide increased
55: The gd mat on the fur of the bats should be expected to consist of _____.
A. Hyphae.
B. Haustoria.
C. Yeasts.
D. Basidia
56: The scientific explanation for global warming is very dependent on the _______ atom.
A. Chlorine
B. Carbon
C. Oxygen
D. Hydrogen.
57: The membrane potential is hyperpolarized at label ________.
A. When the line goes under the starting point
B. When the line is flat at the beginning
C. Acetylcholine receptors at the neuromuscular junction
D. At the peak or top
58: The parasympathetic division is also called the ________ division.
A. Craniosacral -
B. Thoracocranial
C. Craniococcygeal -
D. Thoracolumbar -
E. Craniolumbar.
59: The reduction division of meiosis specifically occurs at ________.
A. Meiosis I
B. In animals, the membrane pinches inward in the cell center until the cells are separated; in plants, cytokinesis occurs by the fusion of vesicles containing cell wall materials.
C. Homologous pairs of chromosomes
D. Have 46 chromosomes
60: The variation in shape and function of the forelimb in tetrapods is a result of _____.
A. It displays features found on both aquatic and land-dwelling species
B. Mutations accumulate at a known rate
C. A gradual decrease in the number of toes
D. Different environments leading to the evolution of different types of limbs
61: The kingdom described in "the lady, or the tiger?" is _____.
A. Actual mythical an ancient city which has since been destroyed.
B. Love and care would motivate the princess to save the young man.
C. Jealousy would lead the princess to the young man's death.
D. For the crime of falling in love with the king's daughter.
62: To stay abstinent, one should __________.
A. Practice refusal skills
B. Practice avoidance techniques
C. Set limits and stick to them
D. All of the above
63: Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells use ________ to turn certain genes on or off.
A. RNA transcriptase
B. Intron segments
C. Proteins
D. Nucleosome packing
64: Human body cells are approximately ______ water.
A. 95—99%
B. 25—35%
C. 50—55%
D. 70—95%
65: The gill flap, or operculum, was an important adaptation for fish because it helps with __________.
A. Adjusting buoyancy
B. Maintaining a supply of oxygen
C. Sensing chemicals in water
D. Sensing vibrations in the water
66: _____ describes why similar organisms do not interbreed because of a physical barrier.
A. Allopatric speciation
B. Asexual reproduction
C. Sympatric speciation
D. The biological species concept
67: _____ is associated with the fearless-peer experiment. the experiment demonstrates _____.
A. Pavlov; classical conditioning
B. Bandura; observational learning
C. Skinner; operant conditioning
D. Thorndike; latent learning
68: _____ stimulates the release of norepinephrine and dopamine and also blocks their reuptake.
A. Amphetamine
B. Cocaine
C. L-Dopa
D. Prozac
69: ______ are responsible for toxic red tides.
A. Plasmodial slime molds
B. Dinoflagellates
C. Red algae
D. Diatoms
70: _______ is an indicator of programmed cell death.
A. Fragmented chromatin
B. Swelling of the membrane
C. Cell lysis
D. Loss of transcription control
E. All of the above
71: ____________ metamorphic rocks have mineral grains that line up in parallel layers.
A. Chemical
B. Foliated
C. Stone
D. Basalt
72: A pine tree is a _____.
A. Bryophyte
B. Gymnosperm
C. Angiosperm
D. None of these
73: A placenta and viviparity are most likely adaptations for increasing ______.
A. The base of mammals
B. Parental care and offspring survival
C. Tied to the water for reproduction
D. Reptiles and some mammals
74: About one in ____ individuals diagnosed with an eating disorder is male.
A. 10
B. 20
C. 30
D. 40
75: According to lecture, ________ had the highest rate of pathogenic weight practices.
A. Long-distance runners
B. Gymnasts
C. Field hockey players
D. Tennis
76: Accumulation of undigested molecules would most directly be an indication of _____ dysfunction.
A. Ribosome
B. Mitochondrial
C. Lysosomal
D. Chloroplast
77: Adenosine triphosphate, or atp, is primarily used as _______ in living organisms.
A. A muscle relaxing hormone
B. A source of energy
C. A blood coagulant
D. A reproductive enzyme
78: Adherence to the intestinal lining by this bacterium is due to its possession of _____.
A. Fimbriae
B. Pili
C. A capsule
D. A flagellum
79: Advantages of using algae as a biofuel include _______. select all that apply.
A. Decreasing the ecological impact of drilling for fossil fuels
B. Replacing fossil fuels with a renewable source of energy
C. Producing fuel in a wider range of geographic areas
D. All of these
80: After an economy has reached its peak, it begins the ______ phase of the business cycle.
A. Trough
B. Recession
C. Contraction
D. Expansion
81: After drinking alcoholic beverages, increased urine excretion is the result of _____.
A. Increased aldosterone production
B. Increased blood pressure
C. Inhibited secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
D. Increased reabsorption of water in the proximal tubule
82: After receiving a reward for escaping the puzzle box, the cats ________.
A. Appeared to enjoy the box more
B. Escaped more slowly
C. Gradually learned to escape more quickly
D. Increased the length of time in the box
83: After the migrating neuron reaches its destination, ____ begin to form.
A. Nuclei
B. Ganglions
C. Dendrites
D. Axons
84: Agents generating mutation-inducing dna damage are collectively referred to as ________.
A. DNA
B. RNA
C. Mutagens
D. Simple genes
85: Agglutinogens are contained on the __________, whereas the agglutinins are found in the __________.
A. Cell membrane of the RBC; plasma
B. Blood; brain
C. Cell membrane; intestines
D. None of these
86: Agnes has heartburn, which is also called ____.
A. Pyrosis
B. Dyspepsia
C. Gerd
D. None of these
87: Agonists bind to ________ and antagonists bind to ________.
A. Receptors; nothing.
B. Receptors; receptors.
C. Receptors; the cell membrane.
88: Albumin in the urine can indicate _____ of the urinary tract, particularly the glomeruli.
A. Obstruction.
B. Congenital absence.
C. Inflammation.
89: All dna polymerases synthesize new dna by adding nucleotides to the _____ of the growing dna chain.
A. 3′ OH
B. 5′ OH
C. 3′ phosphate
D. 5′ phosphate
E. Nitrogenous base
90: All genes are composed of specific sequences of ___________ molecules.
A. RNA
B. DNA
C. Simple
D. All of these
91: All of the following are issues with lesioning except its __________.
A. Invasiveness
B. Availability of technology
C. Tendency to be painful
D. Inconsistency in location
92: Alpha-linolenic acid and linoleic acid are classified as _________ fatty acids.
A. Essential
B. Nonessential
C. Saturated
D. Trans
93: Amino acids are needed to build ________, just as ________ are needed to create dna.
A. Protein; nucleotides
B. Fatty acid; hydroxides
C. Polysaccharides; carboxyl
D. RNA; glucose monomers
94: An abnormal plantar reflex in an adult produces babinski's sign, which indicates ________.
A. Damage to the dorsal columns
B. Nerve damage to the leg
C. Damage to the muscles that move the ankle
D. Damage to the corticospinal tract
95: An appropriate way to close an unsolicited proposal is to _____.
A. Request a meeting
B. List your expertise
C. Repeat the cost of your proposal
D. All of these
96: An individual who carries staph but isn't sick is referred to as _______.
A. Infected
B. Resistant
C. Colonized
D. Evolving
E. None of the above
97: Another term for tympanitis (inflammation of the middle ear) is ___________/itis media.
A. BPPV
B. Ot
C. OM
D. Cerumin/o
98: Antibiotic resistance evolves in bacteria when ________.
A. The presence of antibiotics favors bacteria that already have genes for resistance
B. Farmers do not use enough antibiotics in animal feed
C. The antibiotics create resistance genes in bacteria
D. The bacteria realize that they need to avoid the antibiotic
99: As a result of a severe disturbance, a community will ________.
A. Secondary consumer
B. Undergo succession
C. Living organic material
D. Fungi and prokaryotes
100: As a result of the punic wars rome __________
A. Lost its overseas empire
B. Lost control over most of Italy
C. Was burned to the ground
D. Won control over the western Mediterranean
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