Botany MCQs
Botany MCQs
Answer these 100+ Botany MCQs and see how sharp is your knowledge of Botany. Scroll down and let's start!
1: _____ are angiosperms.
A. Pore surrounded by specialized guard cells
B. With
C. Seed dispersal
D. Roses
2: ______ are seedless vascular plants
A. Ferns
B. Cucumber
C. Stigma
D. Cuticle
3: A chloroplast that is the result of secondary endosymbiosis would have _______ membrane(s).
A. 4
B. 5
C. 3
D. 2
4: A root hair is a(n) _____.
A. A multicellular extension of the root epidermis
B. A modified root that provides support and anchorage
C. An extension of an individual cell that absorbs water from soil
D. An outgrowth of the pericycle
E. An extension of the endodermis of roots
5: Angiosperms are different from all other plants because only they have __________.
A. Flowers
B. A vascular system
C. Seeds
D. A life cycle that involves alternation of generations
E. A sporophyte phase
6: Cells produced by lateral meristems are known as _____.
A. Dermal and ground tissue
B. Lateral tissues
C. Pith
D. Secondary tissues
E. Shoots and roots
7: Compared to eukaryotes, prokaryotes are ________.
A. Simpler morphologically, but not more evolutionarily primitive
B. Antibiotic-resistant genes
C. Involves DNA from the environment being taken up into a bacterial cell
D. The recipient cell remains an F- cell
8: During the alternation of generations in plants, _____.
A. Fertilization produces spores
B. Mitosis produces gametes
C. Fertilization produces gametes
D. Meiosis produces gametes
9: During the growth stage, plants ____.
A. Germinate, and begin cell differentiation
B. Begin making their own food via photosynthesis
C. Develop the ability to reproduce
D. Start to sicken and perish
10: Flowering plants are ______
A. Gymnosperms
B. Angiosperms
C. Laurasians
D. Archaeopteryx
11: Fungal diseases common in ________ include ________ and ________.
A. Mycelium; hyphae; smuts
B. Sporophyte; rusts; gametophytes
C. Stamens; stigma; rusts
D. Anther; stigma; smuts
E. Plants; smuts; rusts
12: Gametophytes are ________; sporophytes are ________.
A. Haploid... diploid
B. Diploid...haploid
C. Lignin... bryophytes
D. Bryophytes...Lignin
13: Gametophytes produce ______.
A. Sporophyte
B. Haploid
C. Spore
D. Zygote
14: Heartwood and sapwood consist of _____.
A. Pericycle
B. Secondary xylem
C. Both
D. None of these
15: Hyphae are _____.
A. Reproductive cells
B. Thin filaments
C. Dead at maturity
D. Cross-walls
16: In ______ the gametophyte is more obvious than the sporophyte.
A. Mosses
B. Anthers
C. Ovules
D. None of these
17: In flowering plants, the gametophyte is ______ the sporophyte.
A. Larger than
B. The same size as
C. Located on a separate plant from
D. Much smaller than
E. Absent and the entire plant is composed of
18: In moss, _____ produce sperm.
A. Embryos
B. Antheridia
C. Archegonia
D. Protonemata
E. Sporangia
19: In pine, the embryo develops within the __________.
A. Double fertilization
B. Diploid sporophyte
C. Female gametophyte
D. Megaspores or microspores
20: In the process of alternation of generations, the _____.
A. Sporophyte is diploid and produces spores
B. These protists produce chemical energy by fixing CO2
C. Lack of resources, predation, infection
D. Choanoflagellates are an outgroup to the animal lineages.
21: Interspecific competition is reduced by the adaptation of ______
A. An exclusion principle
B. Biotic feedback
C. Resource partitioning
D. Predatory behavior
22: Most plants flower when _____
A. Minimum number of hours of darkness; short-day plants are long-night plants
B. The nights are the right length; The flowering of many plants is stimulated by the duration of periods of uninterrupted darkness.
C. Maximum number of hours of darkness; long-day plants are short-night plants
D. Photoperiod refers to seasonal changes in the relative lengths of day and night.
23: Non-vascular plants include all the following types of plants except _________.
A. Whisk ferns
B. Mosses
C. Hornworts
D. All of these
24: Nutritionally, all fungi are ________.
A. Chemoheterotrophs
B. Photoautotrophs
C. Chemoautotrophs
D. Parasites
25: Plants contain meristems whose major function is to _____.
A. Attract pollinators.
B. Absorb ions.
C. Photosynthesize.
D. Produce more cells.
E. Produce flowers.
26: Plasmogamy is indicated by the letter _____.
A. Karyogamy produces a diploid zygote
B. Plasmogamy is the fusion of hyphae
C. Hyphae form a network called a mycelium.
D. Karyogamy and meiosis
27: Spruces and pines both have needlelike leaves, with the adaptive advantage of ________.
A. Increased surface area, increasing photosynthesis
B. Increased surface area, increasing gas exchange
C. Decreased surface area, reducing gas exchange
D. Decreased surface area, reducing water loss
28: "the advantages of the reduced gametophytes in seed plants include ________.
A. Sporophyte dominant
B. Valvulitis
C. Bradycardia
D. Valvular prolapse
29: The function of a mushroom is to _____.
A. Produce seeds
B. Store nutrients
C. Photosynthesize
D. Produce spores
30: The pollen grain is to gymnosperms as the ______ is to angiosperms.
A. Stigma
B. Cucumber
C. Ovules
D. Anther
31: The pollen tube grows from the ________ to the ________, where it eventually fertilizes the egg.
A. Anther; style
B. Stigma; ovule
C. Sepal; filament
D. Petal; ovary
32: The polarity of a plant is established when _____.
A. Cotyledons form at the shoot end of the embryo
B. The shoot-root axis is established in the embryo
C. The primary root breaks through the seed coat
D. The shoot first breaks through the soil into the light as the seed germinates
33: Vessel elements are more efficient at transporting water than tracheids because _____.
A. Archegonia ... egg
B. Haploid ... meiosis
C. Diploid sporophyte
D. Vessel elements are wide
34: Xylem is indicated by the letter _____.
A. A
B. B
C. C
D. D
35: Basidia produce spores by a process known as _____.
A. Decomposition
B. Mitosis
C. Meiosis
D. Hyphae
E. Binary fission
36: Gametophytes reproduce ______.
A. By producing sperm and eggs
B. By fission
C. By alternation of generations
D. By budding
37: In mosses gametes are produced by _____; in ferns gametes are produced by
A. Mitosis ... mitosis
B. Meiosis ... meiosis
C. Binary fission ... mitosis
38: The conspicuous part of a fern plant is a _____.
A. Haploid sporophyte
B. Diploid sporophyte
C. Diploid gametophyte
D. Haploid gametophyte
39: The edible portion of the mushroom is the ________.
A. Recycling nutrients from dead organisms back into the food chain
B. Above-ground reproductive structure
C. Wind
D. None of these
40: Angiosperms _____.
A. Produces flower and seed
B. Produces flower and fruits
C. Both of these
D. None of these
41: The sperm produced by mosses require _____ to reach an archegonium.
A. Moisture
B. The development of a flower
C. Wind
D. Light
42: In the pine, microsporangia form _____ microspores by _____.
A. Haploid ... meiosis
B. Diploid ... meiosis
C. Diploid ... mitosis
D. Triploid ... fertilization
43: Pollen grains are defined as gametophytes because they ______.
A. Disperse seeds
B. Are multicellular and produce sperm via mitosis
C. Via cotyledons, a source of food for the embryo
D. None of these
44: The cones of gymnosperms play the same role as ______ in angiosperms.
A. Roots
B. Flowers
C. Diploid
D. Autotrophs
45: In sexual reproduction of land plants, generations alternate between _____.
A. Haploid gametes by mitosis
B. Rhizomes and corms are ways to start a new individual without sex
C. Making gametes and making spores, the two generations are called gametophyte and sporophyte
D. Does not depend on for nutrients; prefers gametophyte
46: Xylem cells are _____, which is essential to their function.
A. Water-conducting
B. Dissolved substances
C. A only
D. A and B
47: A plant cell placed in a solution with a lower (more negative) water potential will __________.
A. Lose water and plasmolyze
B. Gain water and plasmolyze
C. Gain water and Endodermis
48: A plant with high _____ is healthy and rigid.
A. Cell walls
B. Turgor
C. Stroma
D. Pith
49: Bipedal organisms have a ________ spine while quadrupedal organisms have a ________ spine
A. 2,3
B. 2,4
C. 1,3
D. 2,3
50: Bulk flow is analogous to a __________ and diffusion is analogous to a __________.
A. Convection oven; conduction oven
B. Conection oven , conduction oven
C. Convection conduction
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Botany MCQs
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