Five Qualitative Approaches to Research Inquiry MCQs
Five Qualitative Approaches to Research Inquiry MCQs
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1: _____ is the study of stories or narrative or descriptions of a series of events that accounts for human experiences.
A. Descriptive Research
B. Explanatory Research
C. Narrative Research
D. All of these
2: Structure is a theme or concept about the social–cultural system or group that the ethnographer attempts to learn.
A. True
B. False
3: Research Focus leads to the researcher narrowing the focus for the_____
A. Need of the study
B. The specific research problem.
C. The methods used in the study
D. Both a and b
4: Research Problem is discussed as_____
A. Framed from a real-life perspective
B. A deficiency in the literature perspective
C. Both
D. None
5: In research, a Single Individual may be a person whose life is a _____
A. Miraculous Life
B. Thwarted Life
C. Great Life
D. Any of these
6: The Ethnographer listens and records the voices of informants with the intent of generating a _____ portrait.
A. Personal
B. Individual’s
C. Cultural
D. All of these
7: Case Study Research involves the study of a case within _____ context.
A. Real Life
B. Contemporary
C. Imaginary Life
D. Both a and b
8: Phenomenon is the central concept being examined by the_____
A. Phenomenologist
B. Ethnologist
C. Epistemologist
D. Both a and b
9: _____ are individual’s life or key events that become the focus for the biographer.
A. Phenomenon
B. Life History
C. Stories
D. Life Course Stages
10: Stories are aspects that surface during an interview in which the participant describes a situation, usually with a _____
A. Beginning
B. Middle
C. End
D. All of these
11: In axial coding, _____ are the specific actions or interactions that occur as a result of the central phenomenon.
A. Strategies
B. Consequences
C. Phenomenon
D. All of these
12: Consequences are the outcomes of strategies taken by participants in the study. These outcomes are_____
A. Positive
B. Negative
C. Neutral
D. Any of these
13: In Life History,the individual being studied is alive, and life as lived in the present is influenced by _____ histories.
A. Personal
B. Institutional
C. Social
D. All of these
14: Autoethnography refers to multiple layers of consciousness,including _____ in social contexts, the subversion of dominant discourses, and the evocative potential.
A. The vulnerable self
B. The coherent self
C. Critiquing the self
D. All of these
15: In Oral History,information is collected through _____
A. Tape recordings
B. Written works of individuals who are dead
C. Both
D. None
16: Artifacts is the focus of attention for the ethnographer as he or she determines what people_____
A. Think
B. Make
C. Use
D. Both b and c
17: Culture can be seen in _____
A. Behaviors
B. Language
C. Artifacts
D. All of these
18: Historical context may be the participant’s family, society, or _____ trend of the participant’s times.
A. Historical
B. Social
C. Political
D. All of these
19: Epiphanies are the turning points that can be_____
A. Positive
B. Negative
C. Neutral
D. Both a and b
20: Lived Experiences is used in phenomenological studies to emphasize the importance of individual experiences of people as conscious human beings.
A. True
B. False
21: Phenomenology of Practice describes the _____ of meaning-giving methods of phenomenology.
A. Development
B. Articulation
C. Evaluation
D. Both a and b
22: Which statement is true about Philosophical Perspective?
A. The investigator conduct research with a broader perspective
B. The investigator suspends his or her own preconceptions of experiences
C. The investigator experiences an object through his or her own senses
D. All are correct
23: According to Intentionality of Consciousness “Being conscious of objects always is intentional.”
A. True
B. False
24: Phenomenological Reflection involves the process of _____
A. Bracketing
B. Reduction
C. Enhancement
D. Both a and b
25: A form of phenomenology in which research is oriented toward interpreting the “texts” of life and lived experiences is known as_____
A. Realist Phenomenology
B. Transcendental Phenomenology
C. Hermeneutical Phenomenology
D. All of these
26: The first step in “phenomenological reduction,” the process of data analysis in which the researcher sets aside, all preconceived experiences to best understand the experiences of participants in the study is known as_____
A. Epoche
B. Bracketing
C. Reduction
D. Both a and b
27: In Transcendental Phenomenology, the researcher relies on_____
A. Intuition
B. Imagination
C. Universal Structure
D. All of these
28: Textural Description is from the _____ steps in phenomenological data analysis.
A. First
B. First two
C. First three
D. Last three
29: Structural Description includes_____
A. Seeking all possible meanings
B. Looking for divergent perspectives
C. Varying the frames of reference about the phenomenon
D. All of these
30: Phenomenological Data Analysis includes_____
A. Bringing personal experiences into the study
B. The recording of significant statements
C. The development of descriptions to arrive at the essence of the experiences
D. All of these
31: The second step in the phenomenological data analysis, in which the researcher lists every significant statement relevant to the topic and gives it equal value is known as_____
A. Horizontalization
B. Cluster of meaning
C. Textural Description
D. All of these
32: In Cluster Of Meaning the researcher clusters the statements into themes or meaning units including overlapping and repetitive statements.
A. True
B. False
33: Essential, Invariant Structure is the goal of the phenomenologist, to reduce the _____meanings of experiences to a brief description that typifies the experiences of all of the participants in a study.
A. Textural
B. Structural
C. Both
D. None
34: In Grounded Theory Study, the researcher generates an abstract analytical schema of a phenomenon, a theory that explains_____
A. Action
B. Interaction
C. Process
D. All of these
35: In Discover a Theory researchers might begin with a tentative theory they want to modify or no theory at all with the intent of “grounding” the study in views of participants.
A. True
B. False
36: _____ is a form of grounded theory squarely in the interpretive tradition of qualitative research.
A. Classical Grounded Theory
B. Modified Grounded Theory
C. Constructivist Grounded Theory
D. All of these
37: Memoing refers to the written records of analysis that help with the formulation of _____
A. Observation
B. Hypotheses
C. Theory
D. None of these
38: Category is a unit of information analyzed in grounded theory research which comprises_____of phenomenon.
A. Events
B. Happenings
C. Instances
D. All of these
39: The purpose of Axial Coding is to identify _____
A. What caused this phenomenon to occur
B. What strategies or actions actors employed in response to the phenomenon
C. What context and intervening conditions influenced the strategies
D. All of these
40: Selective Coding is the _____ phase of coding the information.
A. First
B. Central
C. Final
D. Any of these
41: Propositions are written from _____
A. Axial Coding Model
B. Paradigm
C. Pattern Coding Model
D. Both a and b
42: Theoretical Sampling starts with a heterogeneous sample of individuals.
A. True
B. False
43: Constant Comparative refers to the researcher identifying incidents, events, and activities and constantly comparing them to an emerging category to develop and saturate the category.
A. True
B. False
44: In Open Coding researchers try to develop a small number of categories, slowly reducing the number to approximately _____ codes that are then combined into major themes in the study.
A. 10
B. 20
C. 30
45: _____ are the categories of conditions in database that cause or influence the central phenomenon to occur.
A. Causal Conditions
B. Effective Conditions
C. Intervening Conditions
D. None of these
46: _____ might be social, economic, and political forces that influence the strategies in response to the central phenomenon.
A. Causal Conditions
B. Effective Conditions
C. Intervening Conditions
D. None of these
47: Conditional or Consequential Matrix enables the researcher to both _____ levels of conditions and consequences specified in the axial coding mode.
A. Remove
B. Distinguish
C. Llink
D. Both b and c
48: In Saturation the inquirer can still find new information that adds to an understanding of the category.
A. True
B. False
49: Properties appear in_____analysis.
A. Open Coding
B. Axial Coding
C. Longitudinal Coding
D. All of these
50: Logic Diagram is drawn with _____ indicating the process or flow of activities.
A. Boxes
B. Arrows
C. Points
D. Both a and b
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Five Qualitative Approaches to Research Inquiry MCQs
