Nephrology MCQs
Nephrology MCQs
Try to answer these Nephrology MCQs and check your understanding of the Nephrology subject. Scroll down and let's begin!
1: Renin cleaves off several amino acids of __________, converting it to __________.
A. Angiotensinogen; angiotensin II
B. Angiotensin I; angiotensin II
C. Angiotensinogen; angiotensin I
D. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE); angiotensin
2: Anuria may be caused by all of the following except __________.
A. Hypertension
B. Glomerulonephritis
C. Severe hypertension
D. None of these
3: The shark rectal gland _____.
A. Secretes a hypotonic solution
B. Concentrates electrolytes necessary for homeostasis in a hypertonic environment
C. Is involved in osmoregulation
D. Is responsible for excretion of undigested residue
4: Glucose is transported _______.
A. Through the basolateral membrane by cotransport with sodium
B. Through the basolateral membrane by secondary active transport
C. Through the basolateral membrane by facilitated diffusion
D. Through the apical membrane by facilitated diffusion
5: As the number of glucose carriers increased, the concentration of glucose in the _______.
A. Distal tubule decreased
B. Distal tubule increased and bladder decreased
C. Distal tubule increased
D. Distal tubule decreased and bladder decreased
E. Bladder decreased
6: Renin cleaves off several amino acids of __________, converting it to __________.
A. Angiotensinogen; angiotensin II
B. Angiotensin I; angiotensin II
C. Angiotensinogen; angiotensin I
D. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE); angiotensin
7: Anuria may be caused by all of the following except __________.
A. Hypertension
B. Glomerulonephritis
C. Severe hypertension
D. None of these
8: The shark rectal gland _____.
A. Secretes a hypotonic solution
B. Concentrates electrolytes necessary for homeostasis in a hypertonic environment
C. Is involved in osmoregulation
D. Is responsible for excretion of undigested residue
9: Glucose is transported _______.
A. Through the basolateral membrane by cotransport with sodium
B. Through the basolateral membrane by secondary active transport
C. Through the basolateral membrane by facilitated diffusion
D. Through the apical membrane by facilitated diffusion
10: As the number of glucose carriers increased, the concentration of glucose in the _______.
A. Distal tubule decreased
B. Distal tubule increased and bladder decreased
C. Distal tubule increased
D. Distal tubule decreased and bladder decreased
E. Bladder decreased
11: Which of the following is a primary function of the kidneys?
A. Regulation of blood pressure
B. Production of red blood cells
C. Synthesis of vitamin D
D. Regulation of blood glucose levels
12: What is the main function of the glomerulus in the kidney?
A. Filtration of blood to form urine
B. Reabsorption of water and electrolytes
C. Secretion of waste products into the urine
D. Regulation of acid-base balance
13: What is the most common cause of chronic kidney disease?
A. Diabetes mellitus
B. Hypertension
C. Polycystic kidney disease
D. Glomerulonephritis
14: Which of the following is a symptom of acute kidney injury?
A. Increased urine output
B. Decreased urine output
C. Hypertension
D. Proteinuria
15: What is the primary treatment for end-stage renal disease?
A. Kidney transplantation
B. Dialysis
C. Medication therapy
D. Lifestyle modifications
16: Which of the following is a common complication of chronic kidney disease?
A. Anemia
B. Osteoporosis
C. Gout
D. Asthma
17: What is the most common type of kidney stone?
A. Calcium oxalate stone
B. Uric acid stone
C. Struvite stone
D. Cystine stone
18: What is the recommended dietary restriction for patients with chronic kidney disease?
A. Low protein diet
B. Low carbohydrate diet
C. Low sodium diet
D. Low fat diet
19: Which of the following is a diagnostic test used to assess kidney function?
A. Complete blood count (CBC)
B. Electrocardiogram (ECG)
C. Renal biopsy
D. Serum creatinine test
20: What is the role of the renal tubules in the kidney?
A. Reabsorption of water and electrolytes
B. Filtration of blood to form urine
C. Synthesis of red blood cells
D. Regulation of acid-base balance
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