Ethical Research MCQs
Ethical Research MCQs
Answer these 40 Ethical Research MCQs and see how sharp is your knowledge of Ethical Research.
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1: Confidentiality is defined as ______.
A. The researcher must not share their research data with others in the research team
B. Researchers must be confident in their procedures before ever running a study
C. Participant responses not be shared with anyone outside the study staff
D. All data must be stored in a sealed cabinet
2: What approach to ethics says that ethical issues must be judged on the basis of some universal code?
A. Epistemological approach
B. Utilitarian approach
C. Deontological approach
D. Ethical skepticism
3: The three major approaches to ethics ______.
A. Differ in the criteria people use to make decisions
B. Agree that there are absolute rights and wrongs
C. All posit universal code of ethical behavior
D. Hold that ethics depend upon the consequences and benefits
4: Dr. Doe was investigating the reaction to fear-invoking stimuli in children aged 8–12 and obtained parental consent for children to participate. In addition to getting the parental consent, Dr. Doe gave each child information about the research study and asked if he or she would help by participating in the study. In asking the children whether they would participate, Dr. Doe obtained ______.
A. The child’s assent
B. The child’s informed consent
C. Passive acceptance
D. Active agreement
5: Passive consent occurs when ______.
A. People agree to participate without being informed
B. People are informed but do not sign anything
C. Parents give consent for their children by not returning the consent form
D. Children agree to participate without consulting with their parents
6: IRB members review research proposals and they focus especially on ______.
A. The ethical acceptability of the proposed research
B. Whether the proposed research would bring acclaim to the sponsoring institution
C. The degree to which participants will benefit from being in the study
D. Whether the study could be funded by the Federal Department of Education or Public Health Service
7: When writing the research report, Jane thought that Dr. Turner’s summary of a prior study was presented in a very understandable way so she copied the summary and put it in her report. Immediately following the summary she put in a reference to Dr. Turner, which she assumed would tell the reader that she had taken the summary from that reference. In copying this summary, she has ______.
A. Been sophisticated
B. Plagiarized
C. Adequately indicated that Dr. Turner wrote the summary
D. Demonstrated a lack of sophistication in preparing a research report
8: One of the difficult ethical issues to contend with when doing Internet research is the issue of obtaining informed consent and knowing when informed consent should be obtained. One of the thorny issues is determining what information is public and what information is private. Which of the following is definitely within the public domain and does not need informed consent?
A. Information obtained from a television program aired over the Internet.
B. Information obtained from newsgroups communicating over the Internet.
C. Information obtained from chat room held over the Internet.
D. Information obtained from Listserv on the Internet.
9: Which of the following statements about the use of deception in research is true?
A. It does not violate the principle of informed consent.
B. Ethical standards recognize it should never be used in studies.
C. The researcher should not use any more deception than needed to conduct a valid study.
D. All researchers are encouraged to use a great deal of deception to get valid results.
10: Which of the following is information that should be included in a consent form, if it is applicable?
A. Names of IRB members to contact with questions about the study.
B. Description of the deception used in the research.
C. The specific hypotheses the researcher has for the study.
D. Statement of the extent to which the results will not be kept confidential.
11: IRBs tend to rely mostly on a utilitarian approach to ethics.
A. True
B. False
12: The goal of debriefing is desensitizing and dehoaxing.
A. True
B. False
13: A consent form should include a description of the statistical techniques to be used for data analysis.
A. True
B. False
14: Fraudulent results are considered to be the most serious type of research misconduct.
A. True
B. False
15: “Informed consent” means that before people agree to take part in a research study, they must be informed of ALL aspects of the study.
A. True
B. False
16: Active consent is a process whereby consent is provided by signing a consent form
A. True
B. False
17: Keeping the identity of the participant from everyone, including the researcher is called
A. Anonymity
B. Enemy
C. Researcher
D. Assent
18: Agreeing to participate after being informed of all the features of the study that could affect the participant’s willingness to participate is called
A. Assent
B. Beneficence
C. Researchers
D. All of these
19: Acting for the benefit of others is ______
A. Confidentiality
B. Beneficence
C. Debriefing
D. Desensitizing
20: A quotation of 40 or more words using indented format is ______ quotation
A. Accept
B. Block
C. Positive
D. Negative
21: Confidentiality is not revealing the identity of the participant to anyone other than the researcher and his or her staff
A. True
B. False
22: Debriefing is post study interview in which all aspects of the study are revealed, any reasons for deception are explained, and any questions the participant has about the study are answered.
A. True
B. False
23: Misleading or withholding information from the research participant is called
A. Debriefing
B. Dehoaxing
C. Deception
D. Desensitizing
24: Informing study participants about any deception that was used and the reasons for its use is called
A. Debriefing
B. Dehoaxing
C. Deception
D. Desensitizing
25: An ethical approach that says ethical issues must be judged on the basis of some universal code is deontological approach.
A. True
B. False
26: Helping study participants deal with and eliminate any stress or other undesirable feelings that the study might have created is called
A. Debriefing
B. Dehoaxing
C. Deception
D. Desensitizing
27: An ethical approach that says concrete and inviolate moral codes cannot be formulated but are a matter of individual conscience is ethical sketicism
A. True
B. False
28: The principles and guidelines that help us uphold the things we value is called
A. Rules
B. Ethics
C. Attitude
D. Privacy
29: Studies involving no risk to participants and not requiring full IRB review is ______ studies
A. Attempt
B. Exempt
C. Accept
D. Reject
30: A process by which a study is rapidly reviewed by fewer members than constitute the full IRB board is expedited review
A. True
B. False
31: Review by all members of the IRB is full board review
A. True
B. False
32: Agreeing to participate in a study after being informed of its purpose, procedures, risks, benefits, alternative procedures, and limits of confidentiality is called
A. Formed consent
B. Informed consent
C. Positive consent
D. All of these
33: The institutional review committee that assesses the ethical acceptability of research proposals is known as
A. Institutional review board
B. School review board
C. Full board review
D. All of these
34: Doing no harm to others is nonmaleficence
A. True
B. False
35: A process whereby consent is given by not returning the consent form is passive consent
A. True
B. False
36: Using words or work produced by others and presenting it as your own is known as ______
A. Plagiarism
B. Quotation
C. Utilitarianism
D. All of these
37: Having control of others’ access to information about you is ______
A. Privacy
B. Control
C. Ethics
D. None of these
38: A set of principles to guide and assist researchers in conducting ethical studies is called
A. Research misconduct
B. Research ethics
C. Research method
D. Research protocol
39: Fabrication, falsification, or plagiarism in proposing, performing, or reviewing research or reporting research results is called
A. Research misconduct
B. Research ethics
C. Research method
D. Research protocol
40: The document submitted to the IRB by the researcher for review is called
A. Research misconduct
B. Research ethics
C. Research method
D. Research protocol
41: Presenting one’s words as original when they have been used previously in another publication is self plagiarism
A. True
B. False
42: A quotation of 4 or more words, but fewer than 40, around which quotation marks are used is short quotation
A. True
B. False
43: ______ is ethical approach that says judgments of the ethics of a study depend on the consequences the study has for the research participants and the benefits that might arise from the study
A. Plagiarism
B. Quotation
C. Utilitarianism
D. All of these
44: Ethics is a discussion of how people __________ behave.
A. Do
B. Should
C. Can
D. Will
45: A code of ethics for psychologists helps to do all of the following except __________.
A. Establish baselines
B. Establish public doubt
C. Establish professional integrity
D. Establish enforcement
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Ethical Research MCQs
