Research Design Selection MCQs
Research Design Selection MCQs
Our experts have gathered these Research Design Selection MCQs through research, and we hope that you will be able to see how much knowledge base you have for the subject of Research Design Selection by answering these 40 multiple-choice questions.
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1: A possible threat to validity in which a participant does not show up for a study at a scheduled time or fails to complete the study is known as_____
A. Dissolution
B. Attrition
C. Turnover
D. Layoff
2: Choose the correct statement about confound.
A. It is an anticipated variable
B. It is an unanticipated variable
C. Variable is not accounted for in a research study
D. Both b and c
3: Choose the correct statement about control.
A. When control is low, neither criterion is met
B. When control is low, only one criterion is met
C. When control is high, both criteria are met
D. Both a and c
4: The variable that is believed to change in the presence of the independent variable is known as_____
A. Independent variable
B. Dependent variable
C. Continuous variable
D. Categorical variable
5: The extent to which results observed in a study will generalize across settings or environments is known as_____
A. Construct validity
B. Ecological validity
C. Internal validity
D. External validity
6: The methods and procedures used in an experimental research design to specifically control the conditions under which observations are made to isolate cause-and-effect relationships between variables refers to_____
A. Test
B. Experiment
C. Hypothesis
D. None of these
7: A possible threat to validity in which a participant does not show up for a study at a scheduled time or fails to complete the study is known as experimental mortality.
A. True
B. False
8: In experimental research control the three elements of control required are randomization and _____
A. Manipulation
B. Comparison
C. Control
D. All of these
9: The extent to which observations made in a study generalize beyond the specific manipulations or constraints in the study is known as _____
A. Construct validity
B. Ecological validity
C. Internal validity
D. External validity
10: Factor is a presumed _____
A. Cause
B. Effect
C. Both
D. None
11: _____ occurs when the participants are selected as part of the treatment group and changes their behavior because they believe they are getting special treatment.
A. Hawthorne effect
B. History effect
C. Experimental mortality
D. Attrition
12: A possible threat to internal validity in which rates of attrition are different between groups in a study is known as_____
A. Heterogeneous attrition
B. Homogeneous attrition
C. History effect
D. None of these
13: A possible threat to internal validity in which rates of attrition are different between groups in a study is known as_____
A. Heterogeneous attrition
B. Homogeneous attrition
C. History effect
D. None of these
14: A threat to population validity in which rates of attrition are about the same in each group is known as_____
A. Heterogeneous attrition
B. Homogeneous attrition
C. History effect
D. Hawthorne effect
15: The variable that is manipulated in an experiment. The levels of the variable remain unchanged between groups in an experiment.This variable is known as_____
A. Independent variable
B. Dependent variable
C. Continuous variable
D. Categorical variable
16: A possible threat to internal validity in which the measurement of the dependent variable changes due to an error during the course of a research study is known as_____
A. Heterogeneous attrition
B. Homogeneous attrition
C. History effect
D. Instrumentation
17: The extent to which a research design includes enough control of the conditions and experiences of participants that it can demonstrate a single unambiguous explanation for a manipulation is known as_____
A. Construct validity
B. Ecological validity
C. Internal validity
D. External validity
18: _____ is when a participant who is assigned to the control group may try harder because he or she was not selected to receive the special treatment.
A. Hawthorne effect
B. John henry effect
C. Compensatory rivalry effect
D. Both b and c
19: Levels of a factor means the specific conditions or groups created by _____ that factor.
A. Manipulating
B. Deceiving
C. Destroying
D. None of these
20: A possible threat to internal validity in which a participant’s physiological or psychological state changes over time during a study is known as_____
A. Heterogeneous attrition
B. Homogeneous attrition
C. Maturation
D. Instrumentation
21: The use of methods and procedures to make observations in which the behavior or event is observed “as is” or without an intervention from the researcher is known as_____
A. Nonexperimental research design
B. Quasi experimental research design
C. Descriptive research design
D. Correlational research design
22: The extent to which the results observed in a study will generalize across different but related dependent variables is known as_____
A. Outcome validity
B. Population validity
C. Internal validity
D. External validity
23: The extent to which results observed in a study will generalize to the population from which a sample was selected is known as_____
A. Outcome validity
B. Population validity
C. Internal validity
D. External validity
24: The use of methods and procedures to make observations in a study that is structured similar to an experiment, but the conditions and experiences of participants lack some control is known as_____
A. Nonexperimental research design
B. Quasi experimental research design
C. Descriptive research design
D. Correlational research design
25: A variable with levels to which participants are not randomly assigned and that differentiates the groups or conditions being compared in a research study is known as_____
A. Independent variable
B. Dependent variable
C. Quasi independent variable
D. Categorical variable
26: A random procedure used to ensure that participants in a study have an equal chance of being assigned to a particular group or condition is known as_____
A. Systematic sampling
B. Random assignment
C. Focus grouping
D. None of these
27: The use of methods for selecting individuals to participate in a study and assigning them to groups such that each individual has an equal chance of being selected to participate and assigned to a group is known as_____
A. Equalization
B. Randomization
C. Regression
D. None of these
28: Regression toward the mean means _____ in a participant’s performance toward a level or score that is closer to or more typical of his or her true potential.
A. Change
B. Shift
C. Keeping up
D. Both a and b
29: Research design means the specific methods and procedures used to answer a research question.
A. True
B. False
30: Resentful demoralization is when a participant assigned to the control group may instead feel demoralized or resentful because he or she was selected for the treatment group.
A. True
B. False
31: The extent to which results observed in a study will generalize across time and at different points in time is known as_____
A. Construct validity
B. Temporal validity
C. Internal validity
D. External validity
32: The improved performance on a test or measure the second time it is taken due to the experience of taking the test is known as_____
A. Hawthorne effect
B. John henry effect
C. Compensatory rivalry effect
D. Testing effect
33: _____ is the extent to which the treatment can be generalized, whether the treatment can be implemented as it is conceptualized to other individuals.
A. Treatment validity
B. Temporal validity
C. Internal validity
D. External validity
34: The use of methods and procedures to make observations in which the behavior or event being observed is observed “as-is” or without any intervention from the researcher, is called ______.
A. Nonexperimental research design
B. Quasi-experimental research design
C. Experimental research design
D. Hypothetical research design
35: Which research design uses methods and procedures to make observations in a study that is structured similarly to an experiment, but the conditions and experiences of participants lack some control because the study lacks random assignment, includes a preexisting factor, or does not include a comparison/control group?
A. Pseudo-experimental research design
B. Quasi-experimental research design
C. Experimental research design
D. Hypothetical research design
36: Which of the following words tends to be synonymous with internal validity?
A. Constraint
B. Reliability
C. Cause-and-effect
D. Generalization
37: A researcher uses a procedure to ensure that participants are observed in one of three groups entirely by chance. Which type of randomization did the researcher use in this example?
A. Random sampling
B. Random assignment
C. Random comparison
D. Random dancing
38: The_____ is generally associated with higher internal validity, whereas the ______ is generally associated with higher external validity.
A. Field experiment; laboratory experiment
B. Laboratory experiment; field experiment
C. Field experiment; field experiment
D. Laboratory experiment; laboratory experiment
39: During the Halloween season, a researcher records candy intake when it is in close proximity or far proximity from a participant and finds that participants do not eat any candy at all regardless of where the candy is located. Which of the following provides a likely explanation for this outcome?
A. Participants matured and now realize that candy has too much sugar and so do not eat candy anymore.
B. It is a history effect in that participants may have been eating candy more often in general and so may be “sick of” eating candy, which is why they are not eating these foods in the study.
C. It is a testing effect because participants realize that they are being tested on their ability to determine the nutritional content of candy.
D. It is most likely that all participants do not like to eat candy because most people do not like the taste of foods that are high in sugar.
40: What is a possible threat to validity in which a participant does not show up for a study at a scheduled time or fails to complete the study?
A. History effect
B. Attrition
C. Instrumentation
D. Regression toward the mean
41: Population validity, ecological validity, temporal validity, and outcome validity are all subcategories of ______.
A. Internal validity
B. External validity
C. Causation
D. Research design
42: Suppose a new drug was found in a study to reduce symptoms of depression immediately following treatment, and in a 1-month, 6-month, and 1-year follow-up test. This study would have a high ______.
A. Population validity
B. Ecological validity
C. Temporal validity
D. Outcome validity
43: Suppose a new drug was found in a study to reduce symptoms of depression immediately following treatment, and in a 1-month, 6-month, and 1-year follow-up test. This study would have a high ______.
A. Population validity
B. Ecological validity
C. Temporal validity
D. Outcome validity
44: What is the goal of educational research?
A. To solve all educational problems in one study
B. To move forward and advance our knowledge of education
C. To solve educational problems in your local districts
D. To ignore the limitations of research designs
45: What is the second element of control in an experiment?
A. Factors
B. Random assignment
C. Manipulation
D. Observation
46: A ______ is an unanticipated variable not accounted for in a research study, which can include individual differences when random assignment is not used.
A. Confound
B. Dependent variable
C. Independent variable
D. Treatment
47: Regression toward the mean usually occurs when participants are selected from the ______ or ______ percentile in a population.
A. Middle; extreme
B. Bottom; missed
C. Bottom; top
D. Low-performing; average
48: What kind of validity is demonstrated when the results in a study generalize beyond the specific constraints in a study?
A. High external validity
B. Low external validity
C. High internal validity
D. Low internal validity
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Research Design Selection MCQs
